Table 1 General characteristics of 10–12 years old students by FNLIT (Food and Nutrition Literacy) status in Tehran
Demographic characteristics | Total | Low FNLIT ≤ 51 | Moderate/high FNLIT > 51 | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
Sex | 800 | 0.46 | ||
Male | 419 (52.4) | 52 (55.9) | 367 (51.9) | |
Female | 381 (47.6) | 41 (44.1) | 340 (48.1) | |
Grade | 800 | 0.26 | ||
Fifth | 413 (51.6) | 43 (46.2) | 370 (52.3) | |
Sixth | 387 (48.4) | 50 (53.8) | 337 (47.7) | |
Birth order | 798 | 0.15 | ||
< 2 | 437 (54.8) | 44 (47.8) | 393 (55.7) | |
≥ 2 | 361 (45.2) | 48 (52.2) | 313 (44.3) | |
Father age tertile (year): | 790 | 0.47 | ||
T1:30–40 | 300 (38.0) | 38 (42.7) | 262 (37.4) | |
T2:41–45 | 265 (33.5) | 25 (28.1) | 240 (34.2) | |
T3: ≤ 46 | 225 (28.5) | 26 (29.2) | 199 (28.4) | |
Mother age tertile (year): | 794 | 0.20 | ||
T1:23–35 | 288 (36.3) | 34 (37.0) | 254 (36.2) | |
T2:36–40 | 303 (38.2) | 41 (44.6) | 262 (37.3) | |
T3: ≥ 41 | 203 (25.6) | 17 (18.5) | 186 (26.5) | |
Ethnicity | 797 | 0.99 | ||
Fars | 441 (55.3) | 50 (54.3) | 391 (55.5) | |
Azeri | 228 (28.6) | 27 (29.3) | 201 (28.5) | |
Fars-Azeri | 56 (7.0) | 7 (7.6) | 49 (7.0) | |
Other | 72 (9.0) | 8 (8.7) | 64 (9.1) | |
School type | 800 | 0.78 | ||
Public | 725 (90.6) | 85 (91.4) | 640 (90.5) | |
Private | 75 (9.4) | 8 (8.6) | 67 (9.5) | |
Family size | 797 | 0.140 | ||
≤ 3 | 160 (20.1) | 15 (16.3) | 145 (20.6) | |
4 | 465 (58.3) | 50 (54.3) | 415 (58.9) | |
≥ 5 | 172 (21.6) | 27 (29.3) | 145 (20.6) | |
Fa ther education | 789 | 0.45 | ||
Illiterate to ≤ 5 years | 85 (10.8) | 12 (13.5) | 73 (10.4) | |
6–9 years up to diploma | 395 (50.1) | 47 (52.8) | 384 (49.7) | |
Associate’s degree or higher | 309 (39.2) | 30 (33.7) | 279 (39.9) | |
Mother education | 794 | 0.001* | ||
Illiterate up to ≤ 5 years | 86 (10.8) | 13 (14.1) | 73 (10.4) | |
6–9 years up to diploma | 461 (58.1) | 66 (71.7) | 395 (56.3) | |
Associate’s degree or higher | 247 (31.1) | 13 (14.1) | 234 (33.3) | |
Father job position | 690 | 0.11 | ||
Worker | 106 (13.6) | 18 (20.5) | 88 (12.8) | |
Employee/clerk | 327 (41.4) | 36 (40.9) | 291 (42.2) | |
High rank employee | 139 (17.9) | 10 (11.4) | 129 (18.7) | |
Retired | 20 (2.6) | 4 (4.5) | 16 (2.3) | |
Self-manager | 186 (23.9) | 20 (22.7) | 166 (24.1) | |
Mother employment | 794 | 0.58 | ||
Working | 630 (79.3) | 75 (81.5) | 55 (79.1) | |
Housewife | 164 (20.7) | 17 (18.5) | 147 (20.9) | |
Other income source of family members | 799 | 0.98 | ||
No | 752 (94.1) | 84 (90.3) | 668 (94.6) | |
Yes | 47 (5.9) | 9 (9.7) | 38 (5.4) | |
House ownership status | 799 | 0.55 | ||
Owner | 427 (53.4) | 49 (52.7) | 378 (53.5) | |
Tenant | 262 (32.8) | 32 (34.4) | 230 (32.6) | |
Mortgage | 35 (4.4) | 6 (6.5) | 29 (4.1) | |
Other | 75 (9.4) | 6 (6.5) | 69 (9.8) | |
Financial support source | 799 | 0.94 | ||
No | 781 (97.7) | 91 (97.8) | 690 (97.7) | |
Yes | 18 (2.3) | 2 (2.2) | 16 (2.3) | |
Physical activity tertile (MET.h/day) | 787 | 0.31 | ||
Mean T1: 33 | 260 (33.0) | 36 (39.1) | 224 (32.2) | |
Mean T2: 38.37 | 262 (33.3) | 25 (27.2) | 237 (34.1) | |
Mean T3: 47.71 | 265 (33.7) | 31 (33.7) | 234 (33.7) | |
Z score for BMI | 800 | 0.16 | ||
Thinness | 15 (1.9) | 4 (4.3) | 11 (1.6) | |
Normal | 381 (47.6) | 47 (50.5) | 334 (47.2) | |
Overweight | 213 (26.6) | 19 (20.4) | 194 (27.4) | |
Obese | 191 (23.9) | 23 (24.7) | 168 (23.8) | |
HH food security status | 746 | 0.33 | ||
FS | 560 (75.1) | 59 (68.6) | 501 (75.9) | |
FI without hunger | 131 (17.6) | 19 (22.1) | 112 (17.0) | |
FI with hunger | 55 (7.4) | 8 (9.3) | 47(7.1) |