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Table 2 Therapeutic indices and safety margins of the antidotes of some snake venoms

From: Comparative therapeutic index, lethal time and safety margin of various toxicants and snake antivenoms using newly derived and old formulas

Species

LT50 (hr)

LD50 (mg/kg)

ED50 (mg/kg)

LD1 (mg/kg)

ED1 (mg/kg)

ED99 (mg/kg)

T2

MS1 (Control)

Crotalus durissus terrificus (Tropical rattle snake)

0.43

0.13

4.02

0.026

0.0804

7.96

0.69

0.003

Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus (Mojave rattle snake)

0.52

0.17

4.40

0.034

0.088

8.71

0.85

0.004

Crotalus horridus africaudatus (Canebrake rattle snake)

1.61

0.92

7.72

0.184

0.1544

15.29

4.60

0.012

Crotalus adamanteus (Eastern diamond back rattle snake)

2.08

1.35

8.77

0.27

0.1754

17.36

6.75

0.016

Crotalus durissus durissus (Central American rattle snake)

2.51

1.79

9.64

0.358

0.1928

19.09

8.95

0.019

Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus (Eastern cotton mouth)

3.84

3.38

11.91

0.676

0.2382

23.58

16.90

0.029

Croatlus viridus helleri (Southern pacific rattle snake)

3.92

3.48

12.03

0.696

0.2406

23.82

17.40

0.029

Crotalus molossus molossus (Northern black-tailed rattle snake)

4.17

4.42

13.03

0.884

0.2606

25.80

22.10

0.034

Sistrurus miliarius barbourin (Southern pygmy rattle snake)

4.91

4.87

13.45

0.974

0.269

13.45

24.35

0.072

Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix (Southern Copperhead)

5.0

4.99

13.56

0.998

0.2712

13.56

24.95

0.073

Crotalus horridus horridus (Timber rattle snake)

5.85

6.32

14.61

1.264

0.2922

14.61

31.60

0.087

Micrarus fulvius

0.79

0.32

4.77

0.064

0.0954

9.44

 

0.007

  1. Consroe et al. established baseline LD50 values for crotalid anti venin FAB prepared from sheep immune globulin (IgG)