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Table 3 Comparison based on thyroid uptake scans results

From: Scintigraphy evaluation of hyperthyroidism and its correlation with clinical and biochemical profiles

Variables

Grave’s disease

Toxic solitary/multinodular goiter

P value

Number

53

86

n/a

Mean age (years)

35.8 + 11.1

43.7 + 14.6

0.001

Female (%)

73.6

77.9

0.351

Presenting symptoms

 Dysphagia and/or hoarseness (%)

3.8

3.5

0.633

 Neck swelling (%)

1.9

7.0

0.178

 Neck tenderness (%)

0.0

2.3

0.381

 Weight loss (%)

9.4

4.7

0.222

 Tremor (%)

13.2

5.8

0.117

 Palpitation (%)

7.5

5.8

0.471

 Fatigue (%)

7.5

2.3

0.149

 Anxiety (%)

5.7

0.0

0.053

 Insomnia (%)

0.0

2.3

0.381

 Headache (%)

3.8

1.2

0.324

 Nausea and/or vomiting (%)

1.9

0.0

0.381

 Eye manifestations (%)

13.2

15.1

0.481

 Heat intolerance (%)

1.9

2.3

0.676

Comorbidities

 Upper respiratory tract infection (%)

9.4

17.4

0.145

 Hypertension (%)

5.7

16.3

0.052

 Hyperlipidemia (%)

3.8

9.3

0.190

 Type II Diabetes (%)

7.5

24.4

0.009

 Type I diabetes (%)

3.8

1.2

0.324

 Anemia (%)

9.4

5.8

0.316

 Dermatitis (%)

9.4

15.1

0.242

 Ischemic heart disease (%)

0.0

1.2

0.619

 Stroke (%)

0.0

1.3

0.619

 Deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism (%)

0.0

2.3

0.381

Medications

 Carbimazole usage prior to the thyroid scan (%)

28.3

30.2

0.482

 Carbimazole usage after the thyroid scan (%)

17.0

10.5

0.196

 Carbimazole usage during the thyroid scan (%)

47.2

20.9

0.001

 Normal thyroid uptake&scan while taking carbimazole (%)

13.2

15.1

0.481

 Propranolol (%)

49.1

27.9

0.010

 Artificial eye tears (%)

5.7

7.0

0.529

Laboratory data

 TSH (milli-international units per liter)

0.28 + 1.1

0.31 + 1.4

0.883

 Free T4 (pmol/L)

26.0 + 13.2

20.1 + 8.9

0.005

 Free T3 (pmol/L)

14.5 + 11.7

9.6 + 7.5

0.032

 Antithyroid peroxidase antibody (IU/mL)

216.4 + 287.0

251.4 + 500.2

0.831

 Antithyroglobulin antibody (IU/mL)

503.0 + 1009.0

355.6 + 1131.0

0.723

 Vitamin D (ng/mL)

21.7 + 11.1

21.6 + 9.2

0.967

 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (mm/hr)

29.3 + 20.4

33.0 + 22.9

0.697

 C-Reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L)

8.3 + 11.3

9.0 + 12.0

0.898

Thyroid ultrasound

 Enlarged thyroid gland (%)

32.1

25.6

0.591

 Heterogenous (%)

49.1

60.5

0.306

 Hypervascular (%)

39.6

40.7

0.976

 Bilateral lymph node enlargement (%)

18.9

30.2

0.297

 Unilateral lymph node enlargement (%)

1.9

0.0

 Multiple lymph node enlargement (%)

15.1

38.4

0.008

 Single lymph node enlargement (%)

13.2

15.1

Thyroid uptake and scan

 Heterogenous (%)

3.8

57.0

< 0.001

 Homogenous (%)

96.2

43.0

 Mean uptake (%)

19.7 + 16.2

16.0 + 6.4

0.598

Biochemical diagnosis

 Subclinical hyperthyroidism

22.6

45.3

0.039

 Hyperthyroidism

67.9

43.0

 Euthyroidism

3.8

9.3

 T3 thyro-toxicosis

1.9

1.2

 Hypothyroidism

1.9

0.0

 Subclinical hypothyroidism

1.9

1.2

  1. This table shows a comparison based on thyroid uptake scans results between Grave’s disease and Toxic solitary/multinodular goiter. The means and standard deviations are used for quantitative variables like the age, thyroid uptake scan and laboratory parameter. Percentages are used to express all other qualitative data. An independent sample t-test is used to identify significant differences between variables, and p-values ≤0.05 are considered significant