Table 2 Estimated marginal means (95% confidence interval) for stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity indices, sulfur amino acids and related metabolites
Group | Baseline | 1 h | 2 h | 3 h | 4 h | p for interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fatty acids (μmol/L) and SCD | |||||||
16:0 | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 1690 (1310, 2070) | 1750 (1370, 2120) | 1820 (1440, 2190) | 1990 (1610, 2360) | 1980 (1600, 2350) | 0.437 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 1700 (1320, 2070) | 1690 (1310, 2070) | 1710 (1340, 2090) | 1750 (1370, 2130) | 1920 (1550, 2300) | ||
16:1n-7 | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 171 (105, 238) | 184 (118, 251) | 169 (103, 236) | 187 (120, 253) | 195 (129, 262) | 0.429 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 141 (74.3, 208) | 138 (71, 204) | 131 (64, 197) | 133 (66.1, 199) | 149 (82.1, 215) | ||
18:0 | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 609 (533, 686) | 644 (568, 721) | 663 (587, 740) | 720 (644, 797) | 723 (647, 799) | 0.101 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 621 (545, 697) | 621 (545, 697) | 621 (545, 697) | 628 (552, 704) | 693 (617, 769) | ||
18:1n-9 | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 1650 (1220, 2080) | 1750 (1320, 2180) | 1760 (1330, 2200) | 1900 (1460, 2330) | 1910 (1480, 2340) | 0.439 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 1770 (1340, 2200) | 1760 (1330, 2190) | 1800 (1370, 2230) | 1860 (1420, 2290) | 2120 (1690, 2550) | ||
SCD-16 | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 0.10 (0.07, 0.12) | 0.10 (0.08, 0.13) | 0.09 (0.07, 0.12) | 0.09 (0.07, 0.12) | 0.10 (0.07, 0.12) | 0.788 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 0.08 (0.06, 0.11) | 0.08 (0.06, 0.11) | 0.08 (0.05, 0.10) | 0.0749 (0.05, 0.10) | 0.08 (0.05, 0.10) | ||
SCD-18 | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 2.74 (2.09, 3.39) | 2.73 (2.08, 3.38) | 2.69 (2.04, 3.34) | 2.63 (1.98, 3.28) | 2.67 (2.02, 3.32) | 0.077 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 2.86 (2.21, 3.51) | 2.85 (2.2, 3.5) | 2.9 (2.25, 3.55) | 2.95 (2.3, 3.6) | 3.03 (2.38, 3.68) | ||
Sulfur amino acids, μmol/L | |||||||
Methionine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 25.1 (20.8, 29.3) | 38.7 (34.5, 43.1) | 34.1 (29.8, 38.3) | 26.8 (22.6, 31.1) | 23.4 (19.2, 27.7) | < 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 23.5 (19.3, 27.8) | 18.2 (13.9, 22.5) | 15.1 (10.8, 19.4) | 12.7 (8.46, 17.3) | 13.2 (8.98, 17.5) | ||
SAM | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 97.3 (86.6, 108) | 109 (97.9, 119) | 101 (90.5, 112) | 95.7 (84.9, 106) | 94.2 (83.4, 105) | < 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 99.7 (88.9, 110) | 88.6 (77.8, 99.3) | 81.3 (70.5, 92.1) | 78.1 (67.4, 88.9) | 78.8 (68, 89.6) | ||
SAH | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 14 (11.8, 16.2) | 15.4 (13.2, 17.6) | 14.4 (12.2, 16.6) | 13.7 (11.5, 15.9) | 13.2 (11.2, 15.4) | 0.040 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 13.8 (11.6, 15.9) | 13.1 (10.9, 15.2) | 12.1 (9.88, 14.2) | 10.9 (8.68, 13) | 10.6 (8.46, 12.8) | ||
SAM/SAH | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 7.1 (6.2, 8.01) | 7.19 (6.28, 8.09) | 7.22 (6.32, 8.13) | 7.14 (6.23, 8.04) | 7.29 (6.39, 8.21) | 0.424 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 7.27 (6.37, 8.18) | 6.8 (5.9, 7.71) | 6.76 (5.86, 7.66) | 7.21 (6.31, 8.12) | 7.43 (6.53, 8.34) | ||
Total homocysteine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 8.61 (6.87, 10.4) | 9.23 (7.49, 11.0) | 8.27 (6.53, 10.2) | 7.09 (5.35, 8.83) | 6.71 (4.97, 8.45) | < 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 7.98 (6.23, 9.72) | 7.58 (5.84, 9.32) | 7.74 (6.01, 9.48) | 7.41 (5.67, 9.16) | 7.39 (5.65, 9.13) | ||
Cystathionine, nmol/L | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 156 (112, 199) | 254 (211, 298) | 281 (237, 324) | 275 (231, 319) | 246 (202, 289) | < 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 127 (83.4, 171) | 113 (69.3, 157) | 98.3 (54.6, 142) | 94.8 (51.2, 138) | 98.3 (54.7, 142) | ||
Total cysteine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 228 (204, 252) | 231 (207, 255) | 231 (207, 256) | 224 (199, 248) | 225 (201, 250) | 0.387 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 235 (210, 259) | 224 (199, 248) | 218 (194, 243) | 218 (194, 242) | 216 (192, 241) | ||
Total GSH | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 5.97 (4.29, 7.65) | 5.7 (4.02, 7.39) | 4.44 (2.75, 6.12) | 5.72 (4.04, 7.41) | 5.3 (3.62, 6.98) | 0.169 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 4.03 (2.35, 5.71) | 5.37 (3.69, 7.05) | 5.28 (3.59, 6.96) | 5.35 (3.67, 7.03) | 5.1 (3.42, 6.78) | ||
Taurine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 85.7 (65.3, 106) | 86.8 (66.4, 107) | 68.5 (48.1, 88.9) | 77.1 (56.7, 97.5) | 81 (60.6, 101) | 0.082 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 54.8 (34.3, 75.2) | 58.5 (38.1, 78.9) | 65.1 (44.7, 85.5) | 69.6 (49.1, 90) | 76.1 (55.7, 96.5) | ||