Fig. 1

No significant effects of U50,488H were observed on BSR in the ICSS test. Upper panel show data of  % BSR thresholds (a) and lower panel demonstrate data of  % maximum wheel-spinning rates (b), according to the four post-treatment time intervals (passes) in ICSS tests. The effects of U50,488H at 2 mg/kg were tested on ICSS responding following a seven-pass paradigm as described in the “Materials and methods”. U50,488H or vehicle (saline) was injected subcutaneously at the end of pass 3 (the time point 0 min). BSR thresholds and maximum rates were determined for each pass (time point). The pre-treatment data of passes 2 and 3 (time points − 15 min and 0 min) were averaged and used as “baseline” values for each mouse in every experiment, and the data of passes 4–7 (i.e., post-drug treatment time points 15, 30, 45 and 60 shown here) were normalized to the baseline data accordingly and presented as  % BSR threshold and  % maximum rate. Eighteen mice were used for each experimental group. Data were presented as (mean ± SE) and analyzed by Repeated Measure two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s Multiple Comparison post hoc tests (* p < 0.05 and *** p < 0.001)