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Table 2 STS task

From: Reliability and minimal detectable change of the ‘Imperial Spine’ marker set for the evaluation of spinal and lower limb kinematics in adults

Kinematic angles (°) for STS trial

Intra-tester

Inter-tester

ICC

95% CI

Mean

Mean diff

95% CI

SD diff

95% LOA

SEM

MDC

ICC

95% CI

Mean

Mean diff

95% CI

SD diff

95% LOA

SEM

MDC

Upper thoracic joint

Peak right/left Side Flexion

− 0.36

− 5.12

0.6

− 0.82

− 2.86–1.22

3.29

− 7.26–5.62

2.3

6.4

0.66

− 1.3

0.2

0.01

− 1.82–1.84

2.96

− 5.79–5.8

2.1

5.8

Peak internal/external rotation

0.84

0.35–0.96

2.7

− 0.48

− 1.40–0.44

1.48

− 3.30–2.43

1.0

2.9

− 0.2

− 4.51

2.6

− 0.25

− 1.73–1.24

2.40

− 4.95–4.45

1.7

4.7

Peak flexion/extension

0.98

0.93–0.99

20.8

− 0.77

− 1.87–0.33

1.77

− 4.25–2.71

1.3

3.5

0.97

0.91–0.99

20.5

− 0.19

− 1.38–1.00

1.92

− 3.96–3.58

1.4

3.8

Lower thoracic joint

Peak right/left side flexion

− 0.82

− 6.86

− 0.6

− 0.44

− 2.92–2.04

4.01

− 8.29–7.42

2.8

7.9

0.62

− 1.45

− 0.9

1.48

− 2.03–2.34

3.52

− 6.76–7.06

2.5

6.9

Peak internal/external rotation

0.36

− 2.42

2

0.69

− 0.66–2.44

2.18

− 3.59–4.97

1.5

4.3

0.6

− 1.5

1.9

− 0.2

− 0.36–2.10

1.99

− 3.02–4.76

1.4

3.9

Peak flexion/extension

0.9

0.62–0.98

− 1.7

0.47

− 1.72–2.65

3.53

− 6.45–7.38

2.5

6.9

0.92

0.66–0.98

− 1.4

− 0.28

− 1.98–1.43

2.75

− 5.66–5.10

1.9

5.4

Lumbar joint

Peak right/left side flexion

0.05

− 3.57

2.1

1.48

− 1.01–3.97

4.02

− 6.40–9.36

2.8

7.9

0.42

− 2.2

3.4

− 1.27

− 5.07–2.53

6.13

− 13.29–10.74

4.3

12

Peak internal/external rotation

0.79

0.15–0.95

− 0.6

− 0.2

− 1.96–1.56

2.83

− 5.76–5.35

2.0

5.5

0.31

− 2.53

− 0.4

− 0.61

− 2.82–1.59

3.56

− 7.59–6.37

2.5

7

Peak flexion/extension

0.82

0.29–0.96

13.3

− 0.28

− 5.76–5.20

8.84

− 17.60–17.05

6.3

17.3

0.89

0.58–0.97

11.2

3.9

− 0.19–7.98

6.58

− 25.81

4.7

12.9

Pelvic joint

Peak tilt

0.82

0.19–0.96

24.6

2.12

− 4.09–8.26

9.91

− 17.30–21.54

7.0

19.4

0.91

0.59–0.98

25.7

− 1.84

− 6.35–2.67

7.28

− 16.10–12.43

5.1

14.3

Peak rotation

− 0.29

− 5.45

17.8

− 2.38

− 13.42–8.67

17.82

− 37.30–32.55

12.6

34.9

0.2

− 3.38

20.1

− 5.88

− 13.97–2.21

13.05

− 31.47–19.71

9.2

25.6

Peak obliquity

0.88

0.48–0.97

1.3

-0.14

-1.33–1.05

1.92

3.63–-3.91

1.4

3.8

0.14

-3.61

1.9

-1.99

-5.24–1.25

5.23

-12.25–8.27

3.7

10.3

Hip joint

Peak abduction/adduction

0.9

0.10–0.50

0.4

1.2

− 0.92–3.39

3.50

− 5.58–8.05

2.5

6.9

− 0.52

− 6.35

0.8

0.17

− 4.39–4.74

7.40

− 14.27–14.61

5.2

14.5

Peak internal/external rotation

0.95

0.10–0.80

3.6

2.1

− 0.53–4.60

4.20

− 6.14–10.30

3.0

8.2

0.9

0.49–0.97

1.5

5.3

1.28–9.22

6.4

− 7.29 to17.29

4.5

12.5

Peak flexion/extension

0.9

0.40–0.97

96.3

3.9

− 2.96–10.82

11.10

− 17.86–25.72

7.8

21.8

0.94

0.74–0.99

96.4

− 0.42

− 4.75–3.91

7.0

− 14.12–13.28

4.9

13.7

Knee joint

Peak abduction/adduction

0.92

0.66–0.98

4.9

0.92

− 1.06–2.91

3.2

− 5.35–7.19

2.3

6.3

0.93

0.69–0.98

3.2

2.89

1.02–4.76

3.02

− 3.03–8.81

2.1

5.9

Peak internal/external rotation

0.9

0.10–0.60

3

− 0.64

− 4.35–3.06

5.98

− 12.36–11.08

4.2

11.7

0.87

0.44–0.97

3.3

− 2.17

− 5.43–1.10

5.27

− 12.50–8.16

3.7

10.3

Peak flexion/extension

0.91

0.62–0.98

97.4

− 1.06

− 3.44–1.33

3.85

− 8.60–6.49

2.7

7.5

0.89

0.50–0.97

96.2

− 1.96

− 4.83–0.92

3.02

− 11.05–7.13

2.1

5.9

Ankle joint

Peak abduction/adduction

0.96

0.81–0.99

1.7

1.47

− 0.30–3.25

2.86

− 4.13–7.08

2.0

5.6

0.92

0.64–0.98

1

0.21

− 1.32–1.74

2.47

− 4.63–5.04

1.7

4.8

Peak inversion/eversion

0.9

0.54–0.98

16.3

0.17

− 1.11–1.46

2.07

− 3.89–4.24

1.5

4.1

0.92

0.62–0.98

16.5

0.47

− 0.66–1.60

1.82

− 3.10–4.04

1.3

3.6

Peak dorsiflexion/plantarflexion

0.83

0.24–0.96

17.7

− 1.9

− 4.90–1.11

4.85

− 11.39–7.60

3.4

9.5

0.52

− 2

16.7

0.44

− 1.19–2.06

2.62

− 4.70–5.58

1.9

5.1

  1. ICC (intraclass correlation coefficient), 95% CI (the 95% confidence interval for the ICC), Mean (average angle measured between tester 1 on 2 occasions (intra-tester) and tester 1 and 2 (inter-tester)), Mean Diff (represents the average of the differences between two measurements made by tester 1 on two occasions (intra-tester) and between tester 1 and 2 (inter-tester)) and the 95% CI for Mean Diff, SD Diff (the standard deviation of the differences), 95% LOA ( Bland and Altman 95% limits of agreement), SEM (standard error of measurement) and MDC (absolute minimal detectable change)