Table 1 Summary of clinical presentation of AKI in patients with malaria infection with PCR diagnosis of the five Plasmodium species infecting humans
Sample Id | Age (years) | Clinical presentation | Laboratory investigations | Blood smear evidence | Histology | PCR diagnosis of renal tissue DNA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AIIMSK8299 | 23 | Sudden onset placental abruption | Sudden rise of creatinine (4.2 mg/dl) | Nil | Patchy ACN | Pv + Pk |
AIIMSK6691 | 22 | Fever and edema 1 month, hematuria, hypertensive retinopathy,CM | Low C3 level, LDH elevated, urine: RBCs full field | Nil | ATI and subacute TMA | Pf + Pk + Pv |
AIIMSK1056 | 8 | Fever, oliguria,CM | Creatinine-3.6 mg/dl, thrombocytopenia | Nil | ACN (70–75%), viable single artery-fibrin thrombus (TMA) | Pk + Pv |
AIIMSK3873 | 30 | Fever, oliguria-3 months, CM | Creatinine-5.9 mg/dl, proteinuria (2 +), HD dependent | Nil | Patchy cortical necrosis (scarring phase), acute interstitial nephritis, vessels -UR | Pv + Pk + Pf |
AIIMSK0447 | 37 | Hematuria | Case of TMA on PLEX, on rituximab | Nil | Chronic TMA | Pv + Pk + Pf |
AIIMSK4424 | 17 | Fever, right-sided hemiplegia, oliguria-15 days,CM | Deranged RFT, LDH elevated | Nil | ATN, interstitial inflammation, IFTA (20%) | Pv + Pk + Pf |
AIIMSK7559 | 20 | Complicated malaria (one and half months back), Sepsis, anuria, myocarditis | Creatinine-4.1, thrombocytopenia, proteinuria (2 +), HD dependent | Pv trophozoites | ACN (60%) | Pv |
AIIMSK2788 | 22 | Fever, oliguria, melena, jaundice, cardiac dysfunction | Creatinine-9.4, thrombocytopenia, proteinuria (1 +) | Pv trophozoites | Patchy ACN | Pv |
AIIMSK9006 | 10 | Fever and oliguria-6 days, epistaxis, melena, splenomegaly | Creatinine-6.2 mg/dl, thrombocytopenia, urine: proteinuria (4 +), 8–10 RBC/hpf, raised LDH | Pv trophozoites | ATN, TMA | Pv |
AIIMS0066 | 21 | Fever-10 days, oliguria-2 days, splenomegaly | Creatinine-6.5 mg/dl, thrombocytopenia, proteinuria (1 +), raised LDH | Nil | ACN secondary to graft artery thrombosis | Pk |
AIIMSK7006 | 30 | Fever, oliguria | Creatinine-7.2 mg/dl, thrombocytopenia, proteinuria (2 +), raised LDH, HD-dependent, | Pv trophozoites | Multifocal cortical necrosis with scarring, ATI, chronic TMA | Pv |
AIIMSK0339 | 50 | Fever-10 days, oliguria-2 days, splenomegaly | Creatinine-8.2 mg/dl, Underwent rectopexy for rectal prolapse; POD3- hematuria, proteinuria, on HD | Pv trophozoites | ACN, TMA | Pv |