Table 2 Cost burden: Cost by SDP ownership and type, residential pattern and means of transportation used in accessing FP services
From: In search of universal health coverage: the hidden cost of family planning to women in Ghana
Variables | n (%) | Total cost GHS ± SD | Total cost USD ± SD | Average GHS | Average USD | Median GHS | Median USD | IQR GHS | IQR USD |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Service delivery point (SDP) ownership | |||||||||
Government public facility | 944 (80.61) | 6,661.30 ± 9.2 | 1,480.29 ± 2.04 | 7.10 | 1.58 | 5.00 | 1.11 | 7.00 | 1.56 |
Private facility | 141 (12.04) | 1,535.90 ± 3.6 | 341.31 ± 0.80 | 10.90 | 2.42 | 5.00 | 1.11 | 5.00 | 1.11 |
Faith-based facility | 86 (7.34) | 370.00 ± 4.5 | 82.22 ± 1.00 | 4.30 | 0.96 | 2.00 | 0.44 | 3.50 | 0.78 |
SDP level | |||||||||
Primary | 655 (55.94) | 4,293 ± 14.4 | 954.00 ± 3.20 | 6.60 | 1.47 | 4.00 | 0.89 | 6.00 | 1.33 |
Secondary | 459 (39.20 | 3,642.1 ± 16.2 | 809.36 ± 3.60 | 8.00 | 1.78 | 5.00 | 1.11 | 7.00 | 1.56 |
Tertiary | 57 (4.87) | 631.6 ± 14.9 | 140.36 ± 3.31 | 11.10 | 2.47 | 6.00 | 1.33 | 6.00 | 1.33 |
Nature of residence | |||||||||
Rural | 307 (26.2) | 2,086.6 ± 8.7 | 463.69 ± 1.93 | 6.80 | 1.51 | 5.00 | 1.11 | 7.00 | 1.56 |
Urban | 864 (73.8) | 6,480.1 ± 16.9 | 1,440.02 ± 3.76 | 7.50 | 1.67 | 4.20 | 0.93 | 6.00 | 1.33 |
Paid for FP method | |||||||||
Yes | 1033 (88.29) | 8,129.7 ± 15.7 | 1806.60 ± 3.49 | 7.90 | 1.76 | 5.00 | 1.11 | 7.40 | 1.64 |
No | 137 (11.7) | 437.00 ± 10.0 | 97.11 ± 2.22 | 3.20 | 0.71 | 0.50 | 0.11 | 4.00 | 0.89 |
Financing FP | |||||||||
Self | 668 (63.8) | 4778.70 ± 8.3 | 1,061.93 ± 1.84 | 6.94 | 1.54 | 4.90 | 1.09 | 7.00 | 1.56 |
Spouse | 362 (34.7) | 3485.80 ± 23.9 | 774.62 ± 5.31 | 9.24 | 2.05 | 5.00 | 1.11 | 7.40 | 1.64 |
Other family member | 16 (1.5) | 302.30 ± 10.2 | 67.18 ± 2.27 | 10.09 | 2.24 | 6.00 | 1.33 | 11.50 | 2.56 |
Means of transport | |||||||||
Walking | 555 (47.4) | 2512.9 ± 5.6 | 558.42 ± 1.24 | 4.50 | 1.00 | 2.50 | 0.56 | 4.00 | 0.89 |
Bicycle | 162 (13.9) | 891.6 ± 5.9 | 198.13 ± 5.59 | 5.50 | 1.22 | 4.00 | 0.89 | 6.50 | 1.44 |
Bus/taxi | 417 (35.6) | 4370.3 ± 12.3 | 971.18 ± 12.30 | 10.50 | 2.33 | 7.00 | 1.56 | 7.80 | 1.73 |
Private vehicle | 36 (3.1) | 791.9 ± 6.8 | 175.98 ± 6.8 | 23.00 | 5.11 | 2.75 | 0.61 | 8.75 | 1.94 |