Fig. 1

Inhibition of cinnamaldehyde-evoked responses by ruthenium red (RuR) in mouse and guinea pig trigeminal neurons. A and B, mean (± 95% confidence intervals) [Ca²⁺]_i responses of mouse (a) and guinea pig (b) trigeminal neurons to cinnamaldehyde (CA, 50 μM cinnamaldehyde) in the presence of vehicle, or RuR (30 nM to 3 µM). After RuR washout, 100 µM cinnamaldehyde was applied as a positive control for TRPA1 expression. C, concentration response relationship for RuR in inhibiting the mean (± 95% confidence intervals) [Ca²⁺]_i responses evoked by 50 μM cinnamaldehyde (CA) in mouse (blue squares) and guinea pig (GP, red squares) trigeminal neurons. N = 27, 57, 21 and 47 mouse neurons for vehicle, 30 nM, 300 nM, or 3000 nM, respectively. RuR. N = 134, 34, 45 and 53 guinea pig neurons for vehicle, 30 nM, 300 nM, or 3000 nM RuR, respectively