Fig. 1From: Short-term effect of ovariohysterectomy on urine serotonin, cortisol, testosterone and progesterone in bitchesSerotonin/creatinine ratios (mean value ± standard error) in seven bitches before and after ovariohysterectomy. W = weeks. The morning sample before surgery included only six bitches due to problems with collecting. The serotonin levels did not differ significantly between the morning before ovariohysterectomy and the other samples. Four weeks after surgery the levels tended to be higher than that before (P = 0.08)Back to article page