Fig. 1

Survival of Campylobacter spp. exposed to starvation, dryness, acidity and osmolarity stress in aerobic atmosphere at different temperatures. A Effect of starvation on the survival of C. upsaliensis (Cups) and C. jejuni (Cj) at 25 °C. B Effect of starvation on the survival of Cups and Cj at 4 °C. C Effect of acidic stress on the survival of Cups and Cj at 4 °C. D Effect of osmotic stress on the survival of Cups and Cj at 4 °C. E Effect of dryness stress on the survival of Cups and Cj at 4 °C. Survival capability was determined in terms of log₁₀ culture-forming units (CFU). Values are the mean of three independent experiments