Table 2 Baseline characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to previous hospital stays for exacerbation
Hospital stay in the previous year | |||
|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 730; 83.2%) | Yes (n = 147; 16.8%) | p-value | |
Clinical data | |||
Mean age, years (SD) | 67.8 (10.2) | 70.2 (11.0) | 0.008 |
Female, n (%) | 148 (20.3) | 28 (19) | 0.735 |
Mean pack-year index (SD) | 47.3 (26.6) | 47.9 (31.8) | 0.802 |
Active smoker, n (%) | 339 (46.4) | 55 (37.4) | 0.072 |
Mean dyspnoea, mMRC score (SD) | 1.5 (0.83) | 1.73 (0.8) | < 0.001 |
mMRC score ≥ 2, n (%) | 352 (48.2) | 93 (63.3) | 0.001 |
Mean BMI (SD) | 27.5 (5.5) | 26.7 (4.6) | 0.173 |
Median severe exacerbations in the previous year (IQR) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | < 0.001 |
≥ 1 severe exacerbations in the previous year, n (%) | 0 (0) | 45 (3.4) | < 0.001 |
Median BODEx index (IQR) | 2 (2) | 3 (2) | < 0.001 |
BODEx > 4, n (%) | 51 (7) | 29 (19.7) | < 0.001 |
Mucus hypersecretion, n (%) | 313 (42.9) | 81 (55.1) | 0.007 |
Long-term home oxygen therapy, n (%) | 84 (11.5) | 49 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
BiPAP or CPAP, n (%) | 40 (6.6) | 22 (16.5) | < 0.001 |
Mean no. diseases (SD) | 3 (1.86) | 2.53 (1.72) | 0.004 |
Functional parameters | |||
FEV1/FVC | 56.6 (10.7) | 54.1 (12.6) | < 0.001 |
FEV1 (%) | 59.1 (19.0) | 51.9 (20.8) | < 0.001 |
FVC (%) | 81.9 (21.6) | 73.1 (21.8) | < 0.001 |
FEV1 ≥ 50%, n (%) | 478 (65.5) | 71 (48.3) | < 0.001 |
Mean baseline SpO2, % (SD) | 95.4 (2.0) | 94.7 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
Morbidities, n (%) | |||
Arterial hypertension | 432 (59.2) | 90 (61.2) | 0.645 |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 214 (29.3) | 60 (40.8) | 0.006 |
Dyslipidemia | 403 (55.2) | 73 (49.7) | 0.218 |
Obesity | 202 (27.7) | 37 (25.2) | 0.361 |
Underweight | 29 (4) | 4 (2.7) | 0.361 |
Ischaemic heart disease | 111 (15.2) | 40 (27.2) | < 0.001 |
Heart failure | 70 (9.6) | 24 (16.3) | 0.016 |
Atrial fibrillation | 117 (16) | 35 (23.8) | 0.023 |
Heart disease | 218 (29.9) | 63 (42.9) | 0.002 |
Cerebrovascular accident | 50 (6.8) | 21 (14.3) | 0.003 |
Mood disorder | 41 (5.6) | 16 (10.9) | 0.018 |
Osteoporosis | 14 (1.9) | 3 (2) | 0.921 |
Bronchial asthma | 91 (12.5) | 20 (13.6) | 0.705 |
Neoplasia | 100 (13.7) | 26 (17.7) | 0.208 |
CCI ≥ 3 | 225 (30.9) | 67 (45.6) | 0.001 |
CCI, median (IQR) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | < 0.001 |