Parent report | Youth report | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean ± SD | F | p | N | Mean ± SD | F | p | |||||||
Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | 12 months | Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | 12 months | |||||||
OCHS-EBS total | 6 | 52.0 ± 20.7 | 44.5 ± 22.6 | 39.6 ± 15.1 | 31.6 ± 20.9 | 3.1 | 0.06* | 6 | 45.0 ± 10.9 | 43.1 ± 5.4 | 41.6 ± 9.6 | 47.9 ± 12.1 | 0.7 | 0.58 |
Externalizing disorders | 6 | 18.7 ± 9.4 | 19.3 ± 12.1 | 15.7 ± 9.3 | 14.8 ± 12.8 | 0.7 | 0.48 | 6 | 15.8 ± 4.3 | 16.5 ± 3.6 | 15.5 ± 7.3 | 18.9 ± 6.4 | 1.4 | 0.29 |
Conduct | 6 | 3.0 ± 2.8 | 5.0 ± 5.6 | 2.2 ± 2.6 | 3.7 ± 5.1 | 1.0 | 0.42 | 6 | 2.0 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.2 | 2.8 ± 3.1 | 3.6 ± 2.1 | 3.0 | 0.06* |
Oppositional defiant | 6 | 7.5 ± 3.6 | 6.8 ± 3.3 | 6.5 ± 3.9 | 5.5 ± 4.3 | 1.2 | 0.33 | 6 | 4.8 ± 2.1 | 5.2 ± 1.7 | 4.5 ± 2.3 | 5.8 ± 2.9 | 0.6 | 0.65 |
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity | 6 | 8.2 ± 3.8 | 7.5 ± 4.0 | 7.1 ± 4.2 | 5.7 ± 4.1 | 1.0 | 0.41 | 6 | 9.0 ± 1.7 | 9.5 ± 2.1 | 8.2 ± 2.7 | 9.5 ± 3.0 | 1.1 | 0.36 |
Internalizing disorders | 6 | 33.3 ± 11.9 | 25.2 ± 11.1 | 23.8 ± 6.0 | 16.7 ± 8.6 | 6.4 | 0.01* | 6 | 29.2 ± 9.3 | 26.6 ± 4.5 | 26.2 ± 6.1 | 29.0 ± 12.6 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
Major depressive | 6 | 13.7 ± 3.1 | 9.5 ± 3.4 | 8.5 ± 2.1 | 6.0 ± 4.3 | 7.9 | < 0.01* | 6 | 11.8 ± 3.9 | 11.3 ± 2.3 | 9.3 ± 3.8 | 9.7 ± 3.6 | 0.9 | 0.46 |
Generalized anxiety | 6 | 8.0 ± 3.3 | 7.2 ± 3.6 | 6.2 ± 1.7 | 5.2 ± 2.8 | 2.4 | 0.10 | 6 | 7.0 ± 3.0 | 7.5 ± 1.8 | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 7.7 ± 3.1 | 0.7 | 0.56 |
Separation anxiety | 6 | 5.5 ± 5.0 | 3.3 ± 3.4 | 2.7 ± 2.7 | 1.5 ± 2.0 | 3.0 | 0.06* | 6 | 4.5 ± 2.8 | 2.7 ± 2.3 | 3.8 ± 3.5 | 5.7 ± 4.2 | 1.6 | 0.22 |
Social phobia | 6 | 6.2 ± 3.8 | 5.2 ± 3.3 | 6.5 ± 2.2 | 4.0 ± 2.1 | 2.3 | 0.12 | 6 | 5.8 ± 1.7 | 5.2 ± 1.9 | 6.5 ± 1.9 | 6.0 ± 3.0 | 0.8 | 0.53 |
KIDSCREEN-27 domain | ||||||||||||||
Physical well-being | 6 | 30.1 ± 5.7 | 34.5 ± 8.4 | 35.2 ± 8.2 | 37.7 ± 9.4 | 2.3 | 0.12 | 6 | 34.6 ± 4.5 | 33.8 ± 4.0 | 37.3 ± 5.8 | 36.9 ± 2.8 | 1.1 | 0.39 |
Psychological well-being | 6 | 23.2 ± 5.9 | 30.7 ± 6.5 | 36.3 ± 8.1 | 38.2 ± 7.1 | 11.3 | < 0.01* | 6 | 32.4 ± 5.2 | 37.4 ± 6.2 | 36.6 ± 6.0 | 32.6 ± 4.2 | 2.1 | 0.15 |
Autonomy & parent relations | 6 | 44.5 ± 7.9 | 42.3 ± 3.6 | 45.6 ± 5.8 | 45.2 ± 8.2 | 0.7 | 0.57 | 6 | 42.0 ± 7.5 | 42.7 ± 6.1 | 40.8 ± 3.4 | 44.5 ± 5.7 | 0.8 | 0.52 |
Social support & peers | 6 | 32.2 ± 13.9 | 37.5 ± 16.8 | 45.6 ± 6.0 | 41.4 ± 11.3 | 1.8 | 0.19 | 5a | 44.6 ± 17.4 | 44.2 ± 10.5 | 44.3 ± 5.1 | 41.6 ± 6.7 | 0.1 | 0.83 |
School environment | 5a | 37.2 ± 7.3 | 33.1 ± 10.7 | 40.7 ± 17.8 | 47.7 ± 15.2 | 2.3 | 0.13 | 3a | 38.7 ± 0.0 | 33.4 ± 3.1 | 34.8 ± 2.0 | 35.4 ± 2.3 | –b | |
WHODAS 2.0 total | 6 | 34.3 ± 12.0 | 31.5 ± 10.0 | 27.8 ± 6.5 | 24.3 ± 7.1 | 2.7 | 0.08* | 6 | 31.2 ± 6.4 | 28.0 ± 6.9 | 25.3 ± 4.1 | 31.0 ± 5.9 | 1.3 | 0.32 |
PSS total | 6 | 20.2 ± 6.6 | 14.7 ± 4.8 | 16.3 ± 5.6 | 17.2 ± 9.0 | 1.8 | 0.19 | 6 | 26.2 ± 4.1 | 23.5 ± 5.8 | 22.0 ± 3.0 | 24.2 ± 6.4 | 0.8 | 0.53 |
ACE total | 6 | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 2.0 ± 1.7 | 2.2 ± 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.42 | 6 | 2.2 ± 2.0 | 2.7 ± 2.2 | 3.2 ± 2.9 | 3.5 ± 2.7 | 3.4 | 0.05* |
FAD total | 6 | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 1.2 | 0.34 | 6 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.87 |