Table 2 General characteristics of Ghanaian pre-and postmenopausal women

Age (years)

44.23 ± 0.90

57.25 ± 0.80

34.48 ± 0.74

<0.0001

Anthropometric Parameters

WC (cm)

92.41 ± 0.72

95.83 ± 0.93

89.85 ± 1.01

<0.0001

WHR

0.88 ± 0.004

0.91 ± 0.005

0.87 ± 0.005

<0.0001

WTR

1.67 ± 0.009

1.72 ± 0.013

1.62 ± 0.011

<0.0001

WHtR

0.58 ± 0.004

0.60 ± 0.006

0.56 ± 0.006

<0.0001

BMI (kg/m²)

26.65 ± 0.32

26.92 ± 0.46

26.39 ± 0.44

0.4150

Hemodynamic Parameters

SBP (mmHg)

132.5 ± 1.20

140.6 ± 1.75

126.4 ± 1.44

<0.0001

DBP (mmHg)

86.3 ± 0.73

89.87 ± 1.09

83.62 ± 0.93

<0.0001

PP (mmHg)

46.17 ± 0.76

50.76 ± 1.12

42.73 ± 0.93

<0.0001

Socio-demographic Parameters

Passive Smokers

35(14%)

22(20.6%)

13(9.1%)

0.0160

Alcoholics

89(35.6%)

47(43.9%)

42(29.4%)

0.0230

Married

148(59.2%)

61(57.01%)

87(60.8%)

0.6033

Occupation

Manual

112(44.8%)

52(48.6%)

58(40.6%)

0.2470

Non-manual

118(47.2%)

39(36.4%)

81(56.6%)

0.0020

Outside of EAP

20(8%)

16(15%)

4(2.8%)

0.0006

High Education

73(29.2%)

27(25.2%)

46(32.2%)

0.2621

Physically Inactive

102(40.8%)

37(36.4%)

65(45.5%)

0.0920

Family History of Hypertension

95(38%)

41(38.3%)

54(37.8%)

1.0000

Family History of Diabetes

65(26%)

35(32.7%)

30(21%)

0.0420

Biochemical Assays

TC (mmol/l)

4.40 ± 0.053

4.41 ± 0.084

4.40 ± 0.069

0.8504

TG (mmol/l)

1.20 ± 0.033

1.31 ± 0.061

1.12 ± 0.035

0.0060

HDL-C (mmol/l)

1.34 ± 0.016

1.31 ± 0.027

1.37 ± 0.021

0.0700

LDL-C (mmol/l)

2.51 ± 0.048

2.50 ± 0.076

2.52 ± 0.061

0.9131

VLDL-C (mmol/l)

0.42 ± 0.012

0.46 ± 0.022

0.40 ± 0.013

0.0060

HDL-C/TC

0.31 ± 0.004

0.30 ± 0.006

0.32 ± 0.005

0.0702

TG/HDL-C

0.97 ± 0.042

1.11 ± 0.081

0.86 ± 0.039

0.0040

FBG (mmol/l)

5.19 ± 0.079

5.57 ± 0.15

4.9 ± 0.074

<0.0001