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Table 3 Prevalence (%) and odds ratio (OR) for association study of socioeconomic characteristics with non-nutritive sucking habits

From: Breastfeeding and sucking habits in children enrolled in a mother-child health program

Variable

Non-nutritive sucking habits

Raw OR

95% CI

pa

 

Yes

No

Total

   
 

n (%)

n (%)

N

   

Sex

     

0.045*

Male

31 (22.3)

108 (77.7)

139

1

  

Female

38 (33.6)

75 (66.4)

113

1.77

1.01-3.09

 

Age range

     

0.959

Up to 36 months

16 (27.1)

43 (72.9)

59

1

  

37-48 months

53 (27.5)

140 (72.5)

193

1.02

0.53-1.96

 

Father’s educational level

     

0.128

Elementary

11 (30.6)

25 (69.4)

36

1

  

Secondary

53 (25.6)

154 (74.4)

207

0.35

0.08-1.57

 

Higher

05 (55.6)

04 (44.4)

09

0.28

0.07-1.06

 

Mother’s educational level

     

0.392

Elementary

16 (32.7)

33 (67.3)

49

1

  

Secondary

49 (25.4)

144 (74.6)

193

0.65

0.35-1.24

 

Higher

04 (40.0)

06 (60.0)

10

1.81

0.49-6.64

 

Family income

     

0.156

1 minimum wage

22 (22.2)

77 (77.8)

99

1

  

2-3 minimum wage

38 (33.3)

76 (66.7)

114

0.95

0.39-2.30

 

> 3

09 (23.1)

30 (76.9)

39

0.60

0.26-1.39

 
  1. Educational level: Elementary education corresponds to zero to eight years of schooling. Secondary education corresponds to nine to 11 years of schooling. Higher education corresponds to 12 or more years of schooling.
  2. 95% CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio.
  3. aPearson’s chi-square (χ2), *significant.