A pilot study of depression among older people in Rawalpindi, Pakistan

BMC Research Notes

Table 3 Association of depression (as measured on CESD and GDS) with social support in terms of practical and emotional social support

Type of Social support	Frequency and Percent depressed as measured with CESD	Frequency and Percent depressed as measured with GDS	P
Emotional support
Low	54(78.3)	44 (81.5)	0.00*
High	15 (21.7)	10 (18.5)
Practical support			0.00*
Low	48 (69.6)	39(72.2)
High	21(30.4)	15 (27.8)	0.00*

Note: *p < 0.05. The value of p corresponds to significance of association of both GDS and CESD with social support subscales. CESD = Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; GDS = Geriatric depression Scale.

ISSN: 1756-0500