Table 4 Students’ awareness and knowledge about the effect of Waterpipe smoking on oral health (N = 547)
Awareness and knowledge questions | Responses N (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agree | Disagree | Don’t know | |||||||
Male N (%) | Female N (%) | Total N (%) | Male N (%) | Female N (%) | Total N (%) | Male N (%) | Female N (%) | Total N (%) | |
Waterpipe smoking is less harmful to oral health than cigarettes smoking | 66 (44.0) | 90 (22.8) | 156 (28.6) | 72 (48.0) | 263 (66.6) | 335 (61.5) | 12 (8.0) | 42 (10.6) | 54 (9.9) |
Waterpipe smoking transfers infectious diseases | 123 (82.0) | 357 (90.4) | 480 (88.1) | 22 (14.7) | 16 (4.1) | 38 (7.0) | 5 (3.3) | 22 (5.6) | 27 (5.0) |
Waterpipe smoking is a risk factor for oral cancer | 109 (72.7) | 339 (85.6) | 448 (82.1) | 21 (14.0) | 16 (4.0) | 37 (6.8) | 20 (3.3) | 41 (10.4) | 61 (11.2) |
Waterpipe smoking may aggregate the inflammation of gum tissues | 120 (79.5) | 367 (92.7) | 487 (89.0) | 17 (11.3) | 13 (3.3) | 30 (5.5) | 14 (9.3) | 16 (4.0) | 30 (5.5) |
Waterpipe smoking increases the incidence of dry sockets | 103 (68.7) | 297 (75.2) | 400 (73.4) | 16 (10.7) | 22 (5.6) | 38 (7.0) | 31 (20.7) | 76 (19.2) | 107 (19.6) |
Waterpipe smoking causes teeth and oral tissues staining | 114 (75.5) | 342 (86.4) | 456 (83.4) | 27 (17.9) | 31 (7.8) | 58 (10.6) | 10 (6.6) | 23 (5.8) | 33 (6.0) |
Waterpipe smoking causes halitosis | 85 (56.7) | 298 (75.4) | 383 (70.3) | 54 (36.0) | 60 (15.2) | 114 (20.9) | 11 (7.3) | 37 (9.4) | 48 (8.8) |
Waterpipe smoking delays wound healing time | 84 (55.6) | 243 (61.4) | 327 (59.8) | 26 (17.2) | 48 (12.1) | 74 (13.5) | 41 (27.2) | 105 (26.5) | 146 (26.7) |
Waterpipe smoking is associated with dental implant failure | 68 (45.0) | 219 (55.3) | 287 (52.5) | 22 (14.6) | 26 (6.6) | 48 (8.8) | 60 (39.7) | 151 (38.1) | 211 (38.6) |
Waterpipe smoking increases the ones risk of dental decay | 80 (53.0) | 270 (68.4) | 350 (64.1) | 39 (25.8) | 57 (14.4) | 96 (17.6) | 32 (21.2) | 68 (17.2) | 100 (18.3) |