Table 1 Characteristics of studies assessing the size of social networks including friendship networks
From: Social networks of patients with psychosis: a systematic review
No. | Study description authors’ name, year, country | Sample with psychosis | Diagnostic criteria | Participants and Setting | Social network size assessment | Minimum frequency of contact and/or timescale | Type of social relationships considered | Network components reported |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Angermeyer and Klusmann, 1987, Germany [55] | 30 | RDC | Recently discharged patients in community | Interview schedule for the assessment of social relationships | Once in the past week | – | Family, other patients and professional helpers |
2 | Becker et al., 1998, United Kingdom (UK) [47] | 129 | ICD-10 | Patients in community | Social network achedule, SNS [35] | Once in the previous month | All relationships | Relatives, friends, and other contactsa |
3 | Cohen and Sokolovsky, 1978, United States (USA) [31] | 32 | Clinical assessment | Patients in community residences | Semi-structured “Network Profile Questionnaire” | Once per month in a preceeding 12 months | Exclusively formal contacts excluded (i.e.with psychiatrists and social workers) | Kin and non-kin |
4 | Cohen and Kochanowicz, 1989, USA [52] | 47 | DSM-III | Psychiatric clinic outpatients | Once in previous 3 month once in 12 months for important persons | All relationships | Kin, non-kin and formal sector | |
5 | Cohen et al., 1996, USA [64] | 117 | DSM-III-R | Patients in community residences and psychiatric clinic outpatients | Notable interactionb within the past 3 months for non-kin; within 12 months for kin | All relationships | Formal and informal sectorc | |
6 | Dozier et al., 1987, USA [65] | 18 | DSM-III | Outpatients of the intervention programme for young adults | Study specific semi-structured questionnaire | Once in the past 2 weeks | All important persons except hospital staff and other patients | – |
7 | Estroff et al., 1994, USA [48] | 81 | N/A | Inpatients and patients in community | Study specific semi-structured questionnaire | – | All relationships | Relatives, friends and mental health professionals |
8 | Famiyuwa and Olatokunbo, 1984, Nigeria [43] | 85 | Feighner criteria | Outpatients of community based counseling service | Study specific semi-structured questionnaire | Twice per week | On-going relationships with family and co-workers | Family and co-workers |
9 | Hamilton et al., 1989, USA [56] | 39 | DSM-III | Outpatients of mental health clinic for veterans | Modified Pattison psychosocial kinship inventory, PPKI [36, 37] | – | Subjectivelly important relationships | Kin and non-kin |
10 | Harley et al., 2012, UK [13] | 137 | DSM-IV | Patients in community | Study specific semi-structured questionnaire | Once per week over the past 3 months | Friends defined as non kin, non-services providers with evidence of shared interests and activities | Friends only |
11 | Hernando et al., 2002, Spain [58] | 32 | DSM-III-R | Outpatients in mental health day centres | Study specific semi-structured questionnaire | – | All relationships | Professionals and othersd |
12 | Horan et al., 2006, USA [54] | 89 | DSM-III-R and RDC | Inpatients | Study specific semi-structured questionnaire based on Hammer [41] and Randolph [42] | 12 months | Frequent or important relationships except those with treatment providers and persons of less than 10 years of age Patient is in conatc or close to,but less than 10-year-old and treatment providers | Kin |
13 | Kauranen et al., 2000, Finland [50] | 29 | DSM-III-R | Inpatients and outpatients | Klefbeck’s social network map [38] | _ | All current relationships | Family, friends, co-workers and formal sector |
14 | Lipton et al., 1981, USA [45] | 30 | RDC | Inpatients | Once in the past year | All relationships | Kin, non –kin and formal sector | |
15 | Meeks and Hammond, 2001, USA [57] | 120 | RDC | Patients in community | Once in the past 3 months for non-kin; once per year for kin and service providers if important | Persons known by name in kin, non-kin and service sector | Kin, non-kin and service sector | |
17 | Pessoa Moreno Macedo et al., 2013, Brazil [49] | 17 | ICD-10 | Outpatients in community based services | Semi-structured questionnaires based on Sluzki [40] | – | – | Family, friends, community and work/study sector |
16 | Pernice-Duca, 2008, USA [44] | 103 | DSM-IV | Patients in community participating in clubhouse programmes | Social network analysis approach by McCallister and Fischer [32, 33] | – | Important relationships | Family, friends, professionals, clubhouse staff and peers |
18 | Sawicka et al., 2013, Poland [46] | 105 | ICD-10 | Patients in community using home care services | The map and the questionnaire of social support [39] | – | Individuals with whom patient is in contact | Persons in the same household, closest family, other relatives, colleagues, neighbours, other acquaintances, therapists, and other persons |
19 | Seidmann et al., 1987, USA [53] | 15 | DSM-III | 2 years after 1st psychiatric hospitalisations | Once in the past 3 months | All individuals known by name | – | |
20 | Sibitz et al., 2010, Austria [59] | 157 | ICD-10 | Inpatients and day clinic care outpatients | A question about the number of friends | – | Friends based on self-defintion | Friends only |
21 | Thorup et al., 2007, Denmark [51] | 578 | ICD-10 | Inpatients and outpatients | Social network schedule, SNS [35] | Once in the past month | Friends based on self-defintion | Friends only |
22 | Tolsdorf, 1976, USA [66] | 10 | N/A | Inpatients | Study specific semi-structured questionnaire | – | – | Kin |
23 | Van Humbeeck et al., 2000, Belgium [67] | 56 | DSM-IV | Patients in supported living community residences | Modified social network scale by McCallister and Fischer [32, 33] and Fischer [34] | – | Important formal and informal persons | – |