Table 2 Duck management and their possible access to antibiotic residues (n = 26)
Parameter assessed | Response category | Number (%) |
|---|---|---|
Duck flock size | 5–50 | 21 (80.8) |
|  | 51–120 | 5 (19.2) |
Duck management (feeding system) | Extensive | 15 (57.7) |
| Â | Intensive given maize bran and kitchen wastes | 2 (7.7) |
| Â | Both | 9 (34.6) |
Ducks scavenging areas | Around homestead areas and neighbouring households areas | 21 (80.8) |
| Â | Around homestead areas | 5 (19.2) |
Number of dumps the ducks access during scavenging | One dumping place | 6 (23.1) |
| Â | Two dumping places | 9 (34.6) |
| Â | Three dumping places | 9 (34.6) |
| Â | Four dumping places | 2 (7.7) |
Duck treatment | Yes | 0 (0.0) |
| Â | No | 26 (100.0) |
Keeping other animals apart from ducks | Yes | 24 (92.3) |
| Â | No | 2 (7.7) |
Treatment of other animals | Yes | 13 (50.0) |
| Â | No | 13 (50.0) |
Antibiotic used in treatment of other animals | Tetracycline/oxytetracyclines | 4 (15.4) |
| Â | Sulfonamides | 3 (11.5) |
| Â | Oxytetracyclines, sulfonamides, penicillin dihydrostreptomycin | 2 (7.7) |
| Â | Other antibiotic not known | 4 (15.4) |
| Â | No treatment | 13 (50.0) |
Commonly used antibiotics in humans | Tetracycline | 4 (15.4) |
| Â | Ampicillin | 2 (7.7) |
| Â | More than one antibiotic (tetracyclines, ampicillin, amoxicillin, sulphonamides) | 8 (30.8) |
| Â | Other antibiotic not known | 12 (46.2) |
Drug containers and unused medicine disposal system | Dump | 13 (50.0) |
| Â | Latrines | 7 (26.9) |
| Â | Burn | 6 (23.1) |