Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the 671 elderly ambulatory patients
Characteristics | Total N = 671 | Total exemption N = 62 | Control N = 609 | p valued |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD | 75.7 ± 7.5 | 71.3 ± 6.0 | 76.1 ± 7.5 | < 0.001 |
Men, n (%) | 342 (51.0) | 42 (67.7) | 300 (49.3) | 0.01 |
Women, n (%) | 329 (49.0) | 20 (32.3) | 309 (50.7) | 0.01 |
CCI, mean ± SD | 1.9 ± 1.7 | 2.4 ± 2.1 | 1.9 ± 1.7 | 0.04 |
Current smoker,a n (%) | 77 (14.0) | 25 (43.1) | 52 (10.5) | < 0.001 |
Regular drinker,b n (%) | 128 (23.8) | 18 (31.0) | 110 (23.0) | 0.19 |
Number of prescribers, mean ± SD | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.08 |
Number of medications | ||||
Total, mean ± SD | 5.0 ± 3.0 | 6.2 ± 3.6 | 4.9 ± 2.9 | 0.01 |
Five or more medications, n (%) | 339 (50.5) | 37 (59.7) | 302 (49.6) | 0.14 |
Past medical history, n (%) | ||||
Myocardial infarction | 40 (6.0) | 3 (4.8) | 37 (6.1) | 1.00 |
Heart failure | 50 (7.5) | 4 (6.5) | 46 (7.6) | 1.00 |
Angina | 58 (8.6) | 8 (12.9) | 50 (8.2) | 0.23 |
Atrial fibrillation | 80 (11.9) | 6 (9.7) | 74 (12.2) | 0.68 |
Ischemic stroke | 90 (13.4) | 11 (17.7) | 79 (13.0) | 0.33 |
Hemorrhagic strokec | 12 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 13 (2.1) | 0.62 |
Peptic ulcer | 126 (18.8) | 17 (27.4) | 109 (17.9) | 0.09 |
GERD | 108 (16.1) | 11 (17.7) | 97 (15.9) | 0.72 |
NIDDM | 212 (31.6) | 25 (40.3) | 187 (30.7) | 0.15 |
IDDM | 18 (2.7) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (3.0) | 0.40 |
Hypertension | 483 (72.0) | 41 (66.1) | 442 (72.6) | 0.30 |
Dyslipidemia | 360 (53.7) | 25 (40.3) | 335 (50.0) | 0.03 |
Chronic kidney disease | 234 (34.9) | 14 (22.6) | 220 (36.1) | 0.04 |
Rheumatic disease | 34 (5.1) | 4 (6.5) | 30 (4.9) | 0.54 |
Asthma or COPD | 81 (12.1) | 12 (19.4) | 69 (11.3) | 0.10 |
Dementia | 43 (6.4) | 2 (3.2) | 41 (6.7) | 0.42 |
Active cancer | 31 (4.6) | 6 (9.7) | 25 (4.1) | 0.06 |
Depression | 34 (5.1) | 4 (6.5) | 30 (4.9) | 0.54 |
Osteoporosis | 95 (14.2) | 9 (14.5) | 86 (14.1) | 0.85 |