Table 1 The descriptive summary of 18 studies on the prevalence of thyroid autoimmune diseases among patients with Turner Syndrome
Authors | Year | Country | Sample size | No. of patients with HT | No. of patients with clinical hypothyroidism | No. of patients with clinical hyperthyroidism | Total no. of patients with ATDs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hamza et al. [22] | 2013 | Egypt | 80 | 40 | 5 | 2 | 54 |
Bakalov et al. [9] | 2012 | USA | 244 | 82 | Na | Na | 82 |
Germain et al. [23] | 1986 | USA | 54 | 30 | 12 | 0 | 30 |
Yesilkaya et al. [24] | 2015 | Turkey | 792 | 79 | 42 | 3 | 82 |
Grossi et al. [7] | 2013 | Italy | 66 | 26 | 14 | 0 | 26 |
Hoxha et al. [25] | 2015 | Albania | 59 | 39 | 20 | 0 | 39 |
Bettendorf et al. [26] | 2006 | Germany | 120 | 43 | 24 | 0 | 43 |
Calcaterra et al. [27] | 2011 | Italy | 73 | 32 | Na | Na | 32 |
Mortensen et al. [28] | 2009 | Denmark | 107 | 59 | 16 | 2 | 61 |
Elsheikh et al. [29] | 2001 | UK | 145 | 59 | 14 | 1 | 60 |
Radetti et al. [30] | 1995 | Italy | 478 | 103 | 29 | 3 | 106 |
Kerdanet et al. [31] | 1994 | France | 67 | 14 | Na | Na | 14 |
Livadas et al. [32] | 2005 | Greece | 84 | 49 | 18 | 2 | 51 |
Pin Chang et al. [33] | 2000 | Taiwan | 77 | 19 | 1 | 2 | 21 |
Chen et al. [34] | 2015 | China | 69 | 20 | 4 | 3 | 23 |
Fukuda et al. [35] | 2009 | Japan | 61 | 34 | 20 | 3 | 37 |
Huang et al. [36] | 2018 | Taiwan | 19 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Wu. et al. [37] | 2017 | China | 124 | 17 | 17 | 1 | 18 |