Table 2 Logistic regression analysis of risk factors associated with internet gaming disorder (IGD) among secondary school students in rural community, Thailand
Associated factors | Internet gaming disorder | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No (n%) | Yes (n%) | Crude OR | 95% CI | p-value | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | p-value | |
Age (years): median (Q1–Q3) | 15.0 (14.0–17.0) | 14.0 (13.0–16.0) | 0.90 | 0.84–0.97 | 0.004 | 0.95 | 0.88–1.02 | 0.163 |
Sex | ||||||||
Female | 2541 (96.1) | 103 (3.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Male | 1935 (93.5) | 134 (6.5) | 1.71 | 1.31–2.22 | < 0.001 | 1.43 | 1.07–1.91 | 0.015 |
Living with | ||||||||
Father and mother | 4157 (95.3) | 204 (4.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Other | 396 (91.9) | 35 (8.1) | 1.87 | 1.43–2.44 | < 0.001 | 1.67 | 1.25–2.24 | 0.001 |
Failed an exam | ||||||||
No | 1453 (95.3) | 71 (4.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 3086 (94.9) | 166 (5.1) | 1.30 | 0.98–1.73 | 0.068 | 1.23 | 0.90–1.67 | 0.194 |
Restraint of internet usage | ||||||||
No | 2756 (95.2) | 138 (4.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 1801 (94.7) | 101 (5.3) | 1.12 | 0.86–1.46 | 0.399 | 1.12 | 0.84–1.49 | 0.446 |
Use of online dating | ||||||||
No | 4283 (95.4) | 208 (4.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 270 (89.4) | 32 (10.6) | 2.44 | 1.65–3.61 | < 0.001 | 1.42 | 9.91–2.21 | 0.125 |
School bullying victim | ||||||||
No | 3107 (96.6) | 111 (3.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 1440 (91.8) | 129 (8.2) | 2.51 | 1.93–3.26 | < 0.001 | 1.57 | 1.08–2.30 | 0.020 |
School bully perpetrator | ||||||||
No | 3151 (96.4) | 119 (3.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 1395 (92.0) | 121 (8.0) | 2.30 | 1.77–2.98 | < 0.001 | 1.19 | 0.81–1.75 | 0.367 |
Cyberbullying victim | ||||||||
No | 3557 (95.7) | 158 (4.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 971 (92.2) | 82 (7.8) | 1.90 | 1.44–2.51 | < 0.001 | 0.95 | 0.65–1.39 | 0.795 |
Cyberbully perpetrator | ||||||||
No | 3745 (95.7) | 168 (4.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 767 (91.4) | 72 (8.6) | 2.09 | 1.57–2.79 | < 0.001 | 1.18 | 0.79–1.76 | 0.417 |
Suicidal ideation | ||||||||
No | 4411 (95.0) | 231 (5.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 135 (93.8) | 9 (6.3) | 1.97 | 1.30–2.97 | 0.001 | 0.82 | 0.51–1.30 | 0.391 |
Depression | ||||||||
No | 3240 (97.5) | 83 (2.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 1299 (89.3) | 156 (10.7) | 4.69 | 3.57–6.17 | < 0.001 | 1.93 | 1.34–2.77 | < 0.001 |
Anxiety | ||||||||
No | 2659 (97.8) | 59 (2.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 1880 (91.3) | 180 (8.7) | 4.32 | 3.20–5.82 | < 0.001 | 1.65 | 1.13–2.41 | 0.010 |
Stress | ||||||||
No | 4010 (97.8) | 128 (3.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 529 (82.7) | 111 (17.3) | 6.57 | 5.02–8.61 | < 0.001 | 3.42 | 2.46–4.76 | < 0.001 |
Type of school attending | ||||||||
Public | 2860 (94.9) | 153 (5.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Private | 1705 (95.1) | 113 (5.5) | 0.95 | 0.73–1.25 | 0.731 | 0.96 | 0.74–1.34 | 0.735 |
Consumes alcoholic beverages | ||||||||
No | 2615 (95.4) | 127 (4.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
Yes | 1924 (94.5) | 113 (5.5) | 1.21 | 0.93–1.57 | 0.152 | 0.88 | 0.65–1.18 | 0.390 |