Table 1 Clinical and Biomedical Characteristics of the Study Population
Characteristics | All participants (n = 380) | Cases (n = 241) | Controls (n = 139) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gestational Age (year) | 28.55 ± 4.96 | 28.52 ± 5.06 | 28.59 ± 4.80 | 0.899 |
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 21.98 ± 1.95 | 22.15 ± 1.56 | 21.69 ± 2.47 | 0.047 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 4.86 ± 0.80 | 5.18 ± 0.72 | 4.31 ± 0.62 | < 10−6 |
History of delivering infants with RDS | 0.366 | |||
 Yes | 1 (0.003%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.01%) |  |
 No | 379 (0.997%) | 241 (100%) | 138 (0.99%) |  |
History of macrosomia delivery | 0.531 | |||
 Yes | 5 (1.3%) | 2 (0.01%) | 3 (0.02%) |  |
 No | 375 (98.7%) | 239 (0.99%) | 136 (0.98%) |  |
Parity | 0.594 | |||
 0 | 178 (46.84%) | 110 (45.64%) | 68 (48.92%) |  |
  ≥ 1 | 202 (53.16%) | 131 (54.36%) | 71 (51.08%) |  |
Educational level | 0.363 | |||
 High school or lower | 344 (90.53%) | 221 (91.70%) | 123 (88.49%) |  |
 College or higher | 36 (9.47%) | 20 (8.30%) | 16 (11.51%) |  |