Metabolite, μmol/L | Group | Baseline | 1 h | 2 h | 3 h | 4 h | p for interaction |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Homocystine, nmol/L | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 21.6 (13.1, 30.2) | 30.7 (22.1, 39.2) | 24 (15.5, 32.5) | 15.5 (6.99, 24) | 13.5 (4.92, 22) | 0.014 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 15.8 (7.24, 24.3) | 19.5 (11.0, 28.0) | 17.3 (8.81, 25.9) | 14.4 (5.85, 22.9) | 12.4 (3.89, 20.9) | ||
Reduced homocysteine, nmol/L | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 130 (92.4, 167) | 188 (151, 226) | 185 (148, 223) | 154 (117, 191) | 150 (113, 188) | 0.014 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 150 (113, 187) | 194 (157, 231) | 117 (80, 155) | 101 (63.8, 138) | 97.4 (60.1, 135) | ||
Protein-bound homocysteine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 6.36 (5.01, 7.7) | 6.51 (5.16, 7.85) | 5.60 (4.25, 6.94) | 4.63 (3.29, 5.98) | 4.47 (3.12, 5.81) | 0.002 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 5.74 (4.4, 7.09) | 5.54 (4.2, 6.89) | 5.79 (4.44, 7.13) | 5.61 (4.26, 6.95) | 5.59 (4.25, 6.94) | ||
Unbound homocysteine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 2.25 (1.78, 2.73) | 2.73 (2.25, 3.2) | 2.67 (2.2, 3.14) | 2.46 (1.99, 2.93) | 2.24 (1.77, 2.72) | 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 2.23 (1.76, 2.7) | 2.04 (1.56, 2.51) | 1.95 (1.48, 2.43) | 1.80 (1.33, 2.28) | 1.80 (1.32, 2.27) | ||
Cystine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 43.1 (37.4, 48.8) | 46.9 (41.2, 52.6) | 50 (44.3, 55.7) | 47.6 (41.9, 53.3) | 47.1 (41.4, 52.9) | 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 39.3 (33.6, 45) | 41.8 (36, 47.5) | 38.4 (32.7, 44.1) | 37.3 (31.5, 43) | 35.9 (30.2, 41.6) | ||
Reduced cysteine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 9.85 (7.18, 12.5) | 12.5 (9.87, 15.2) | 16.6 (14, 19.3) | 18.5 (15.8, 21.1) | 17.4 (14.8, 20.1) | < 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 10.5 (7.87, 13.2) | 11.6 (8.92, 14.2) | 8.22 (5.56, 10.9) | 7.47 (4.8, 10.1) | 7.73 (5.07, 10.4) | ||
Protein-bound cysteine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 107 (88.7, 125) | 101 (82.9, 119) | 94.8 (76.6, 113) | 83.9 (65.7, 102) | 87 (68.8, 105) | 0.270 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 115 (97.2, 134) | 113 (94.8, 131) | 113 (95.3, 132) | 112 (94.2, 131) | 110 (92, 128) | ||
Unbound cysteine | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 121 (108, 134) | 130 (117, 143) | 136 (123, 150) | 140 (127, 153) | 138 (125, 151) | < 0.001 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 119 (106, 132) | 111 (97.5, 124) | 105 (91.5, 118) | 105 (92.1, 119) | 106 (93, 119) | ||
GSSG, nmol/L | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 39.9 (28.9, 50.9) | 26.9 (15.9, 37.9) | 27.4 (16.4, 38.5) | 33.1 (22.1, 44.2) | 28.6 (17.5, 39.6) | 0.098 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 35.7 (24.7, 46.7) | 30.4 (19.4, 41.4) | 40.8 (29.8, 51.8) | 33.1 (22.1, 44.1) | 31.2 (20.2, 42.2) | ||
Reduced GSH | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 2.76 (2.18, 3.34) | 2.71 (2.13, 3.29) | 2.47 (1.89, 3.05) | 2.48 (1.9, 3.06) | 2.36 (1.78, 2.94) | 0.814 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 2.58 (2, 3.16) | 2.44 (1.86, 3.02) | 2.56 (1.98, 3.14) | 2.58 (2, 3.16) | 2.63 (2.05, 3.21) | ||
Protein-bound GSH | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 1.41 (0.14, 2.67) | 2.04 (0.78, 3.30) | 0.97 (− 0.29, 2.23) | 2.04 (0.78, 3.31) | 1.48 (0.22, 2.74) | 0.875 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 0.337 (− 0.93, 1.6) | 1.21 (− 0.05, 2.48) | 1.01 (− 0.25, 2.27) | 1.44 (0.18, 2.71) | 1.01 (− 0.25, 2.28) | ||
Unbound GSH | Cys/Methigh + SFA | 4.56 (3.71, 5.41) | 3.66 (2.81, 4.51) | 3.47 (2.62, 4.32) | 3.68 (2.83, 4.53) | 3.82 (2.97, 4.67) | 0.030 |
Cys/Metlow + PUFA | 3.69 (2.84, 4.54) | 4.16 (3.31, 5.01) | 4.26 (3.42, 5.11) | 3.91 (3.06, 4.76) | 4.08 (3.23, 4.93) |