Table 1 Characteristics of IMD cases
From: Impact of COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown on invasive meningococcal disease
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01 Jan–15 March | 16 March–15 May | Total | 01 Jan–15 March | 16 March–15 May | Total | 01 Jan–15 March | 16 March–15 May | Total | ||
IMD cases without respiratory presentations | 118 | 71 P = 0.001* | 189 | 103 | 66 P = 0.001 | 169 | 93 | 18 | 111 | |
Sex ratio (M/F) | 1 (59/59) | 1.09 (37/34) | 1.03 (96/93) | 0.72 (43/60) | 0.83 (30/36) | 0.78 (73/96) | 0.79 (41/52) | 1 (9/9) | 0.82 (50/61) | |
Median Age (Interquartile range Q1–Q3) y | 21.3 (2.4–46.6) | 20.6 (2.5–42.8) | 20.7 (2.4–43.2) | 25.1 (2.9–56.7) | 18.7 (1.4–52.8) | 21.1 (2.4–54.3) | 21.4 (5.3–56.9) | 15.9 (1.7–47.9) | 20.5 (3.2–55.8) | |
Serogroup | B | 56 | 35 | 91 | 58 | 26 | 84 | 49 | 10 | 59 |
C | 30 | 15 | 45 | 13 | 13 | 26 | 10 | 0 | 10 | |
W | 17 | 13 | 30 | 19 | 20 | 39 | 24 | 3 | 27 | |
Y | 15 | 7 | 22 | 10 | 6 | 16 | 9 | 4 | 13 | |
Others | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Clonal complexes | Hyperinvasive clonal complexes | 75 | 42 | 117 | 59 | 42 | 101 | 49 | 9 | 58 |
Non-hyperinvasive clonal complexes | 29 | 21 | 50 | 39 | 21 | 60 | 39 | 9 | 48 | |
IMD cases with respiratory presentations | 11 | 2 | 13, P = 0.029 | 5 | 2 | 7, P = 0.002 | 13 | 5 | 18 | |
Sex ratio (M/F) | 0.22 (2/9) | 0 (0/2) | 0.18 (2/11) | 0.25 (1/4) | 0 (0/2) | 0.17 (1/6) | 0.86 (6/7) | 0.25 (1/4) | 0.64 (7/11) | |
Median Age (Interquartile range Q1–Q3) y | 67.5 (60.1–82.5) | 89.2 (85.3–93.1) | 74 (62.9–84.3) | 82.2 (50.4–84.8) | 47.0 (0.7–93.4) | 82.2 (33.5–85.7) | 86.8 (66–93.0) | 50.1 (15.7–83.1) | 70.7 (52.9–93.0) | |
Serogroup | B | 0 | 0 | 0, P = 0.036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
C | 3 | 1 | 4, P = 0.003 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
W | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 7 | |
Y | 7 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 5 | |
Others | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
Clonal complexes | Hyperinvasive clonal complexes | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 5 |
Non-hyperinvasive clonal complexes | 7 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 8 | 3 | 11 | |
All IMD | 129 | 73 (P = 0.002) | 202 | 108 | 68 (P = 0.001) | 176 | 106 | 23 | 129 | |
Sex ratio (M/F) | 0.89 (61/68) | 1.03(37/36) | 0.94 (98/104) | 0.69 (44/64) | 0.79 (30/38) | 0.73 (74/102) | 0.80 (47/59) | 0.77 (10/13) | 0.80 (57/72) | |
Median Age (Interquartile range Q1–Q3) y | 22.2 (2.8–58.3) | 20.8 (4.5–44.2) | 21.5 (2.8–51.7) | 30.4 (4.9–59.6) | 18.7 (1.4–53.1) | 22.3 (2.5–56.6) | 27.7 (6.8–65.9) | 19.8 (3.0–50.4) | 25 (5.3–64.1) | |
Serogroup | B | 56 | 35 | 91 | 58 | 26 | 84 | 52 | 10 | 62 |
C | 33 | 16 | 49 | 13 | 13 | 26 | 10 | 1 | 11 | |
W | 18 | 14 (P = 0.005) | 32 | 20 | 21 (P = 0.001) | 41 | 31 | 3 | 34 | |
Y | 22 | 7 | 29 | 13 | 7 | 20 | 12 | 6 | 18 | |
Others | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 4 | |
Clonal complexes | Hyperinvasive clonal complexes | 79 | 44 | 123 | 59 | 42 | 101 | 53 | 10 | 63 |
Non-hyperinvasive clonal complexes | 36 | 21 | 57 | 42 | 23 | 65 | 47 | 12 | 59 | |