Table 1 Description of the analytic sample
% | Frequency | |
|---|---|---|
Total | 100.0 | 325 |
Age (mean, S.D.) | 57.3 | 13.3 |
15–44 | 12.6 | 41 |
45–54 | 28.3 | 92 |
55–64 | 33.2 | 108 |
≥ 65 | 25.8 | 84 |
Sex | ||
Males | 31.4 | 102 |
Females | 68.6 | 223 |
Ethnicity | ||
African | 62.5 | 203 |
White | 2.2 | 7 |
’Coloured’(mixed race) | 23.1 | 75 |
Indian | 12.3 | 40 |
High risk alcohol use | 11.7 | 38 |
Current smoker | 14.5 | 47 |
Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) (mean, S.D.) | 30.6 | 7.3 |
Underweight < 18.5 kg/m2 | 3.4 | 11 |
Normal weight 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 17.8 | 58 |
Overweight 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 26.5 | 86 |
Obese ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 52.3 | 170 |
Residence | ||
Rural | 32.3 | 105 |
Urban | 67.7 | 220 |
Has health insurance | 17.5 | 57 |
Hypertensive | 77.5 | 252 |
High cholesterol | 23.4 | 76 |
Cardiovascular disease | 20.0 | 65 |
Accessed health care in past 5 years | 56.3 | 183 |
Clinician-assessed vision loss | 29.8 | 97 |
Self-reported vision problems | 43.4 | 141 |
Diabetic medication use | ||
No medication | 16.3 | 53 |
Oral glycaemic medication | 54.8 | 178 |
Insulin | 3.7 | 12 |
Insulin and oral glycaemic medication | 25.2 | 82 |
Number of years since diabetes diagnosis (mean, S.D.) | 12.7 | 15.9 |
0–5 years | 45.5 | 148 |
6–10 years | 15.4 | 50 |
11–20 years | 19.4 | 63 |
> 20 years | 19.7 | 64 |