Table 1 Baseline characteristics comparison between the REACH and external validation cohorts
Baseline characteristics | REACH cohort (n = 33 419) | External validation cohort (n = 204) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Men, n (%) | 22,357 (66.9) | 157 (77.0) | 0.002 |
Age, year, mean ± SD | 68.4 ± 10.1 | 67.3 ± 9.1 | 0.121 |
Smoking, n (%) | 4,879 (14.6) | 52 (25.5) |  < 0.001 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 12,332 (36.9) | 129 (63.2) |  < 0.001 |
BMI | 27.7 ± 5.4 | 26.9 ± 5.1 | 0.035 |
BMI > 30 kg/m2, n (%) | 9,090 (27.2) | 52 (25.5) | 0.584 |
BMI < 20 kg/m2, n (%) | 1,270 (3.8) | 16 (7.8) | 0.003 |
Systolic BP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 136.8 ± 19.3 | 136.3 ± 19.3 | 0.712 |
Diastolic BP, mm Hg, mean ± SD | 78.2 ± 11.2 | 75.1 ± 12.2 |  < 0.001 |
Cholesterol, mg/dL | 191.4 ± 45.9 | 167.8 ± 49.9 |  < 0.001 |
Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 3,910 (11.7) | 13 (6.4) | 0.018 |
Cardiovascular burden, n (%) | |||
 Coronary artery disease | 24,195 (72.4) | 142 (69.6) | 0.374 |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 11,296 (33.8) | 78 (38.2) | 0.182 |
 Peripheral vascular disease | 4,979 (14.9) | 13 (6.4) |  < 0.001 |
Number of vascular beds | |||
 One | 27,003 (80.8) | 178 (87.3) | 0.020 |
 Two | 5,748 (17.2) | 23 (11.3) | 0.025 |
 Three | 668 (2.0) | 3 (1.5) | 0.591 |
CVD eventa in past 12Â months | 10,527 (31.5) | 65 (31.9) | 0.911 |
CHF | 5,080 (15.2) | 21 (10.3) | 0.051 |
Cardiovascular treatment, n (%) | |||
 Lipid-lowering agents | 23,126 (69.2) | 174 (85.3) |  < 0.001 |
 Hypertension treatment | 30,411 (91.0) | 191 (93.6) | 0.191 |
 Acetylsalicylic acid | 23,895 (71.5) | 107 (52.5) |  < 0.001 |
 Geographic region: Middle East | 434 (1.3) | 204 (100.0) |  < 0.001 |