Fig. 2

Placental extract inhibited the formation of EAFDs by TNF-α and TGF-β2 in ARPE-19 cells. a The formation of EAFDs was detected using Giemsa staining and the cells were counted through microscopic observation. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of at least four different fields, in each of three independent experiments. Arrows indicate EMT-induced EAFDs. Scale bars, 500 μm. b Quantification of the EAFD areas. Representative data are shown. ^**p < 0.01 vs. None. ^††p < 0.01 vs. Control