Table 1 Description, examples, and data reliability of the measures in the survey
From: Double burden of COVID-19 knowledge deficit: low health literacy and high information avoidance
Measures | # of items | Example question | Theoretical range | Actual range | Mean | SD | Cronbach’s alpha | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NVS | 6 | If you eat the entire container, how many calories will you eat? | 0–6 | 0–6 | 5.22 | 1.14 | 0.60 | Higher score = higher level of health literacy |
eHEALS | 8 | I know how to find helpful health information resources on the Internet [1 = Strongly disagree; 5 = Strongly agree] | 8–40 | 10–40 | 32.04 | 6.01 | 0.90 | Higher score = higher level of health literacy |
AAHLS | 0.70 | Higher score = higher level of health literacy | ||||||
AAHLS-functional health literacy | 3 | Do you need help to fill in official documents? [1 = often; 3 = rarely] | 3–9 | 4–9 | 7.68 | 1.17 | ||
AAHLS-communicative health literacy | 3 | When you talk to a doctor or nurse, do you make sure they explain anything that you do not understand? [1 = rarely; 3 = often] | 3–9 | 3–9 | 7.91 | 1.40 | ||
AAHLS-information appraisal | 4 | Are you someone who likes to find out lots of different information about your health? [1 = rarely; 3 = often] | 4–12 | 4–12 | 9.12 | 1.98 | ||
AAHLS-empowerment | 3 | Do you think that there are plenty of ways to have a say in what the government does about health? [1 = yes; 0 = no] | 0–3 | 0–3 | 1.77 | 0.85 | ||
Information Avoidance | 7 | Even if it will upset me, I want to know about COVID-19. [1 = Strongly agree; 5 = Strongly disagree] | 7–35 | 7–35 | 12.34 | 5.77 | 0.90 | Higher score = higher level of information avoidance |