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Table 3 Multiple linear regression analysis of swimming performance, i.e. FINA points, as dependent variable and competition (comp.) age [years], relative age [month of birth], and chronological (chronol.) age [years] as predictors with standardized (beta_i) and unstandardized (b_i) regression coefficients in female swimmers

From: Competition age: does it matter for swimmers?

Regression model

 

Regression coefficients

n

R2

F

p

 

beta_i

b_i

t_i

p

All events

Comp. age

0.34

22.9

71

< 0.001

39,572

0.20

F(3|39568) = 3361

< 0.001

Relative age

0.09

4.5

21

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.18

5.3

37

< 0.001

Butterfly

Comp. age

0.21

12.2

35

< 0.001

26,925

0.28

F(3|26921) = 3436

< 0.001

Relative age

0.04

1.9

8

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.38

16.3

63

< 0.001

Backstroke

Comp. age

0.25

15.9

42

< 0.001

26,136

0.28

F(3|26132) = 3456

< 0.001

Relative age

0.06

2.4

10

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.35

14.0

58

< 0.001

Breaststroke

Comp. age

0.28

17.0

45

< 0.001

23,676

0.26

F(3|23672) = 2754

< 0.001

Relative age

0.04

1.8

8

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.31

10.8

50

< 0.001

Freestyle

Comp. age

0.32

20.3

64

< 0.001

36,037

0.26

F(3|36033) = 4184

< 0.001

Relative age

0.06

2.8

13

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.27

9.3

54

< 0.001

Individual medley

Comp. age

0.14

7.4

18

< 0.001

18,263

0.25

F(3|18259) = 2070

< 0.001

Relative age

0.06

2.4

10

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.40

17.4

53

 < 0.001

50 m Freestyle

Comp. age

0.33

18.6

62

< 0.001

31,906

0.29

F(3|31902) = 4319

< 0.001

Relative age

0.03

1.1

5

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.30

10.2

56

< 0.001

100 m Freestyle

Comp. age

0.24

14.2

42

< 0.001

29,808

0.32

F(3|29804) = 4583

< 0.001

Relative age

0.04

1.6

7

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.39

16.6

69

< 0.001

200 m Freestyle

Comp. age

0.20

11.4

28

< 0.001

21,365

0.26

F(3|21361) = 2431

< 0.001

Relative age

0.05

2.2

8

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.37

16.1

53

< 0.001

400 m Freestyle

Comp. age

0.26

14.4

32

< 0.001

14,646

0.11

F(3|14642) = 595

< 0.001

Relative age

0.08

3.3

10

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

0.10

3.0

12

< 0.001

800 m Freestyle

Comp. age

0.25

12.4

22

< 0.001

8104

0.07

F(3|8100) = 215

< 0.001

Relative age

0.08

3.3

8

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

− 0.13

− 2.7

− 12

< 0.001

1500 m Freestyle

Comp. age

0.19

8.8

14

< 0.001

5654

0.05

F(3|5650) = 89

< 0.001

Relative age

0.06

2.4

5

< 0.001

    

Chronol. age

− 0.13

− 3.3

− 10

< 0.001