Mild (N = 8) | Severe (N = 8) | P | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 70.5 ± 11.6 | 56.4 ± 21.8 | 0.13 |
Weight (kg) | 61.4 ± 11.9 | 59.0 ± 16.2 | 0.75 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25.0 ± 5.0 | 22.6 ± 4.5 | 0.34 |
Female, N (%) | 5 (62.5) | 3 (37.5) | 0.32 |
NYHA class | 0.029 | ||
I | 3 (37.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
II | 5 (62.5) | 4 (50.0) | |
III | 0 (0.0) | 4 (50.0) | |
IV | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
History of cardiopulmonary arrest, N (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
History of unexplained syncope, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 5 (62.5) | 0.039 |
Family history of sudden cardiac death, N (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.3 |
Documentation of NSVT, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (25.0) | 0.5 |
Risk of sudden cardiac death in 5 years (%) | 1.58 ± 1.08 | 4.31 ± 2.93 | 0.036 |
Atrial fibrillation, N (%) | 3 (37.5) | 1 (12.5) | 0.25 |
Hypertension, N (%) | 4 (50.0) | 5 (62.5) | 0.61 |
Diabetes, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 1.0 |
Dyslipidemia, N (%) | 3 (37.5) | 2 (25.0) | 0.59 |
Current smoker, N (%) | 2 (25.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.52 |
COPD, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.3 |
Coronary artery disease, N (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Stroke, N (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Malignancy, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 1.0 |
Medication, N (%) | |||
Na channel blocker | 1 (12.5) | 2 (25.0) | 0.52 |
Beta-blocker | 5 (62.5) | 6 (75.0) | 0.59 |
Calcium channel blocker | 5 (62.5) | 2 (25.0) | 0.13 |
ACE inhibitors or ARBs | 3 (37.5) | 4 (50.0) | 0.61 |
Anticoagulation | 2 (25.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.52 |
Amiodarone | 0 (0.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.3 |
Metformin | 1 (12.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.3 |
Statin | 1 (12.5) | 1 (12.5) | 1.0 |
Fibrate | 0 (0.0) | 1 (12.5) | 0.3 |
Ezetimib | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
EPA | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
DHA | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Operations and interventions, N (%) | |||
Surgical myectomy | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Alcohol septal ablation | 0 (0.0) | 5 (62.5) | 0.007 |
AF ablation | 2 (25.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.13 |
ICD implantation | 0 (0.0) | 2 (25.0) | 0.13 |
Vital signs | |||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 121.0 ± 11.7 | 121.4 ± 11.9 | 0.95 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73.8 ± 13.3 | 66.2 ± 7.4 | 0.19 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 59.0 ± 8.4 | 66.1 ± 6.4 | 0.077 |
Laboratory data | |||
NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 477.4 ± 471.7 | 1482 ± 1497 | 0.092 |
Troponin T (ng/mL) | 0.0129 ± 0.008 | 0.0254 ± 0.022 | 0.15 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 0.13 ± 0.11 | 0.07 ± 0.04 | 0.24 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.7 ± 1.7 | 13.3 ± 2.4 | 0.60 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.90 ± 0.21 | 0.83 ± 0.31 | 0.80 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 57.1 ± 15.6 | 65.8 ± 29.0 | 0.47 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± 0.4 | 0.34 |
LDL-C (mg/dL) | 106.3 ± 22.8 | 99.1 ± 19.2 | 0.51 |
Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (µg/mL) | 38.2 ± 12.0 | 41.2 ± 13.8 | 0.67 |
Arachidonic acid (AA) (µg/mL) | 201.4 ± 33.0 | 197.0 ± 55.0 | 0.86 |
EPA (µg/mL) | 73.4 ± 52.7 | 46.8 ± 20.5 | 0.21 |
DHA (µg/mL) | 115.0 ± 46.9 | 127.3 ± 39.6 | 0.59 |
EPA/AA ratio | 0.39 ± 0.28 | 0.24 ± 0.09 | 0.22 |
DHA/AA ratio | 0.60 ± 0.32 | 0.66 ± 0.21 | 0.66 |
Echocardiographic variables | |||
Maximum LV wall thickness (mm) | 17.3 ± 4.6 | 19.4 ± 2.4 | 0.28 |
LVEF (%) | 72.0 ± 7.1 | 70.2 ± 4.7 | 0.56 |
LAD (mm) | 41.0 ± 7.3 | 38.4 ± 2.5 | 0.37 |
LAVI (mL/m2) | 53.5 ± 20.5 | 46.1 ± 5.5 | 0.39 |
E/A | 0.73 ± 0.18 | 0.84 ± 0.53 | 0.58 |
E/e’ | 17.3 ± 5.2 | 16.4 ± 7.4 | 0.79 |
LVOT-PG (mmHg) | 32.3 ± 43.4 | 59.8 ± 37.5 | 0.20 |
MRI variables | |||
LV mass (g) | 112.5 ± 39.5 | 166.6 ± 40.4 | 0.017 |
Apical aneurysm, N (%) | 1 (12.5) | 2 (25.0) | 0.52 |
LGE, N (%) | 3 (37.5) | 4 (50.0) | 0.61 |