Deconstruction of a multi-strain Bacillus-based probiotic used for poultry: an in vitro assessment of its individual components against C. perfringens

Table 3 The in vitro effect of different combinations of Bacillus subtilis with other Bacillus spp. on the concentration of C. perfringens using a co-culture method (Experiment 3)

Treatment	Average final C. perfringens concentration (Log₁₀ CFU/mL) ± SE
BS + CP	2.69^b ± 0.0
BS + BL + CP	4.03^b ± 0.33
BS + BP + CP	6.02^a ± 1.17
BS + BC + CP	6.57^a ± 0.16
Control (CP only)	7.55^a ± 0.20

B. subtilis (BS); B. coagulans (BC); B. pumilus (BP); B. licheniformis (BL); C. perfringens (CP).
CFU: colony-forming units.
Different superscripts in the same column denote statistical differences.

ISSN: 1756-0500