Fig. 3

Mean + / − SEM of biofilm mass analysed by CV staining (OD₅₇₀). Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultured for 24 h in the presence and absence of EcN OMVs were assessed. EcN OMVs were tested in the presence and absence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures for 24 h. Values of p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.001 (***) and p < 0.0001 (****) were considered significant