Baron S. Shigella. In: Hale TL, Keusch GT, editors. Baron’s medical microbiology. Galveston: University of Texas; 2000.
Google Scholar
Mims C, Dockrell HM, Goering RV, Roit I, Wakelin D, Zukerman M. Medical microbiology. 3rd ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier; 2007.
Google Scholar
Kotloff KL, Winickoff JP, Ivanoff B, Clemens JD, Swerdlow DL, et al. Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies. Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77:651–66.
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Center for diseases control, Bacterial Foodborne and Diarrheal Disease National Case Surveillance: Annual Report. Atlanta: USA; 2005. Department of Health and Human Services.
European center for diseases control, Annual epidemiological report, 2013, reporting on 2011 surveillance data and 2012 epidemic intelligence data, Stockholm.
Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Logo DL, Jameson L, Loscalzo J. Harrison’s principle of internal medicine. 7th ed. USA: McGraw-Hill Campanies; 2008.
Google Scholar
Tiruneh M. Serodiversity and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Shigella isolates at Gondar University Teaching Hospital Northwest Ethiopia. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2009;62:93–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mache A. Antibiotic resistance and Sero-groups of Shigella among pediatric outpatients in Southwest Ethiopia. East Afr Med J. 2001;78:296–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brooks JT, Shapiro RL, Kumar L, Wells JG, Phillips-howard PA, Shi Y, Vulule JM, Hoekstra RM, Mintz E, Slutsker L. Epidemiology of sporadic bloody diarrhea in rural Western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003;68(6):671–7.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Abu-Elyazeed RR, Wierzba TF, Frenck RW, Putnam SD, Rao MR, Savarino SL, Kamal KA, Peruski JR, Abd-EL Messih LA, EL-Alkamy SA, Naficy AB, Clemens JD. Epidemiology of Shigella-associated diarrhea in rural Egyptian children. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004;71(3):367–72.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Naik DG. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella species in Asmara, Eritrea, Northeast Africa. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2006;39:392–5.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Opintan JA, Newman MJ. Distribution of Sero groups and serotypes of multiple drug resistant Shigella isolates. Ghana Med J. 2007;41:4–8.
Google Scholar
Mengistu G, Mulugeta G, Lema T, Aseffa A. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella serovars and Shigella species. J Microb Biochem Technol. 2014;2:1–7.
Article
Google Scholar
Mulatu G, Beyene G, Zeynudin A. Prevalence of Shigella, Salmonella and Campylobacter species and their susceptibility patters among under five children with diarrhea in Hawassa town, South Ethiopia. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2014;24:101–8.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sherchand JB, Yokoo M, Sherchand O, Pant AR, Nakogomi O. Burden of enteropathogens associated diarrheal diseases in children hospital Nepal. Scientific World. 2009;7(7):71–5.
Google Scholar
Zafar A, Hassan R, Nizami SO, Seidlein L, Soofi S, Ahsan T, Chandio S, Habib A, Bhutto N, Siddiqui FJ, Rizvi F, Clemens JD, Bhutta ZA. Frequency of isolation of various subtypes and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella from urban slums of Karachi Pakistan. Int J Infect Dis. 2009;13:668–72.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pourakbari B, Mamishi S, Mashoori N, Mahboobi N, Ashtiani MH, Afsharpaiman S, Abedini M. Frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella species isolated in Children Medical Center Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Braz J Infect Dis. 2010;14(2):153–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chompook P, Samosornsuk S, Seidlein LV, Jitsanguansuk S, Sirima N, Sudjai S, Mangit P, Kim DR, Wheeler JG, Todd J, Lee H, Ali M, Clemens J, Tapchaisri P, Chaicumpa W. Estimating the burden of shigellosis in Thailand: 36 month population based surveillance study. Bull World Health Organ. 2005;83:739–46.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Wang X, Du L, Seidlein L, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Hao Z, Han O, Ma J, Lee L, Ali M, Han C, Xing Z, Chen J, Clemens J. Occurrence of shigellosis in the young and elderly in rural china: results of a 12-month population-based surveillance study. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;73:416–22.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bhattacharya S, Khanal B, Bhattarai NR, Das ML. Prevalence of Shigella species and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in Eastern Nepal. J Health Popul Nutr. 2005;23:339–42.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fulla F, Prado V, Duran C, Lagos R, Levine MM. Surveillance for antimicrobial resistance profiles among Shigella species isolated from a Semirural Community in the northern administrative area of Santiago Chile. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005;72:851–4.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mashouf RY, Moshtaghi AA, Hashemi SH. Epidemiology of Shigella species isolated from diarrheal children and drawing their antibiotic resistance pattern. Iran J Clin Infect Dis. 2006;1:149–55.
Google Scholar
Wilson W, Easow JM, Mukhopadhyay C, Shivananda PG. Isolation & antimicrobial susceptibility of Shigella from patients with acute gastroenteritis in western Nepal. Indian J Med Res. 2006;123:145–50.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nguyen TV, Van PL, Huy CL, Gia KN, Weintraub A. Etiology and epidemiology of diarrhea in children in Hanoi Vietnam. Int J Infect Dis. 2006;10:298–308.
Article
Google Scholar
Ghaemi EO, Aslani MM, Moradi AV, Dadgar T, Livani S, Mansourian AR, Nosrat SB, Ahmadi AR. Epidemiology of Shigella-associated diarrhea in Gorgan, north of Iran. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2007;13(3):129.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jafari F, Hamidian M, Rezadehbashi M, Doyle M, Salmanzadeh-ahrabi S, Derakhshan F, Zali MR. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Shigella species associated with acute diarrhea in Tehran, Iran. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2009;20:56–62.
Google Scholar
Xia S, Xu B, Huang L, Zhao JY, Ran L, Zhang J, Chen H, Pulsrikarn C, Pornruangwong S, Aarestrup FM, Hendriksen RS. Prevalence and characterization of human Shigella infections in Henan Province China. J Clin Microbiol. 2011;49:232–42.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Khan S, Singh P, Asthana A, Ansari M. Magnitude of drug resistant shigellosis in Nepalese patients. Iran J Microbiol. 2013;5:334–8.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kumar A, Oberoi A, Alexander VS. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Shigella in stool samples in a tertiary healthcare hospital of Punjab. Chrismed J Health Res. 2014;1:33–5.
Article
Google Scholar
Orrett FA. Prevalence of Shigella Serogroups and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in southern Trinidad. J Health Popul Nutr. 2008;26:456–62.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Nunes MRCM, Magalhaes PP, Penna FJ, Nunes JMM, Mendes EN. Diarrhea associated with Shigella in children and susceptibility to antimicrobials. J Pediatr. 2012;88:125–8.
Google Scholar