Smith I. Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenesis and molecular determinants of virulence. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2003;16(3):463–96.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes blue circle symbol. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2006.
Google Scholar
Lin Y, Li L, Mi F, Du J, Dong Y, Li Z, Qi W, Zhao X, Cui Y, Hou F. Screening patients with diabetes mellitus for tuberculosis in China. Tropical Med Int Health. 2012;17(10):1302–8.
Article
Google Scholar
World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017.
Google Scholar
International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes atlas. 7th ed. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2015.
Google Scholar
Syal K, Srinivasan A, Banerjee D. VDR, RXR, coronin-1 and interferonγ levels in PBMCs of type-2 diabetes patients: molecular link between diabetes and tuberculosis. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2015;30(3):323–8.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Banerjee D, Bhattacharyya R, Kaul D, Sharma P. Diabetes and tuberculosis: analysis of a paradox. Adv Clin Chem. 2011;53:139.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ruslami R, Aarnoutse RE, Alisjahbana B, Van Der Ven AJ, Van Crevel R. Implications of the global increase of diabetes for tuberculosis control and patient care. Trop Med Int Health. 2010;15(11):1289–99.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jeon CY, Harries AD, Baker MA, Hart JE, Kapur A, Lönnroth K, Ottmani SE, Goonesekera S, Murray MB. Bi-directional screening for tuberculosis and diabetes: a systematic review. Trop Med Int Health. 2010;15(11):1300–14.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Riza AL, Pearson F, Ugarte-Gil C, Alisjahbana B, van de Vijver S, Panduru NM, Hill PC, Ruslami R, Moore D, Aarnoutse R. Clinical management of concurrent diabetes and tuberculosis and the implications for patient services. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014;2(9):740–53.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
USAID Health-Related Research and Development Progress Report, Report to Congress; 2013. p. 25–27. Available at: https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1864/Health%20Research%20Report.pdf
Baker MA, Harries AD, Jeon CY, Hart JE, Kapur A, Lönnroth K, Ottmani S-E, Goonesekera SD, Murray MB. The impact of diabetes on tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a systematic review. BMC Med. 2011;9(1):81.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Global Diabetes Plan 2011–2021. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation. Available at: https://www.worlddiabetesfoundation.org/sites/default/files/TB-diabetes%20co-epidemic%20fact%20sheet_March2014%20update.pdf
The International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease and the World Diabetes Foundation. The growing threat of the double burden of diabetes and tuberculosis. 2014. Available at: https://www.worlddiabetesfoundation.org/sites/default/files/TB-diabetes%20co-epidemic%20fact%20sheet_March2014%20update.pdf
World Health Organization. Collaborative framework for care and control of tuberculosis and diabetes. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013.
Google Scholar
Feng J-Y, Huang S-F, Ting W-Y, Lee M-C, Chen Y-C, Lin Y-Y, Lee Y-C, Su W-J. Impact of cigarette smoking on latent tuberculosis infection: does age matter? Eur Respir J. 2014;43(2):630–2.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Garmendia J, Morey P, Bengoechea J. Impact of cigarette smoke exposure on host–bacterial pathogen interactions. Eur Respir J. 2012;39(2):467–77.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Leung CC, Yew WW, Law WS, Tam CM, Leung M, Chung YW, Cheung KW, Chan KW, Fu F. Smoking and tuberculosis among silicotic patients. Eur Respir J. 2007;29(4):745–50.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Shang S, Ordway D, Henao-Tamayo M, Bai X, Oberley-Deegan R, Shanley C, Orme IM, Case S, Minor M, Ackart D. Cigarette smoke increases susceptibility to tuberculosis—evidence from in vivo and in vitro models. J Infect Dis. 2011;203(9):1240–8.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Bissell K, Fraser T, Chiang CY, Enarson DA. Smoking cessation and smoke free environments for tuberculosis patients, vol. 20. 2nd ed. Paris: International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease; 2010. p. 2–50.
Google Scholar
World Health Organization, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. Collaborative framework for care and control of tuberculosis and diabetes. World Health Organ Doc. 2011;15:1–40.
Google Scholar
Amare H, Gelaw A, Anagaw B, Gelaw B. Smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetic patients at the Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Infect Dis Poverty. 2013;2(1):6.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sisay T. The magnitude and associated factors of tuberculosis among diabetic patients at Tikur Anbessa specialized teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. MPH thesis, Addis Ababa University. 2015. Available at: https://oatd.org/oatd/search?q=sisay+tiroro%26form=basic.
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gotzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, Clarke M, Devereaux PJ, Kleijnen J, Moher D. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. J Clin Epidemiol. 2009;62(10):e1–34.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557–60.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Borenstein M, Hedges LV, Higgins J, Rothstein HR. A basic introduction to fixed-effect and random-effects models for meta-analysis. Res Synth Methods. 2010;1(2):97–111.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics. 1994;1:1088–101.
Article
Google Scholar
Duval S, Tweedie R. Trim and fill: a simple funnel-plot–based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics. 2000;56(2):455–63.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kim S, Hong Y, Lew W, Yang S, Lee E. Incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetics. Tuber Lung Dis. 1995;76(6):529–33.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Alisjahbana B, Van Crevel R, Sahiratmadja E, Den Heijer M, Maya A, Istriana E, Danusantoso H, Ottenhoff T, Nelwan R, Van Der Meer J. Diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with tuberculosis in Indonesia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006;10(6):696–700.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Dooley KE, Tang T, Golub JE, Dorman SE, Cronin W. Impact of diabetes mellitus on treatment outcomes of patients with active tuberculosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009;80(4):634–9.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Goldhaber-Fiebert JD, Jeon CY, Cohen T, Murray MB. Diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis in countries with high tuberculosis burdens: individual risks and social determinants. Int J Epidemiol. 2011;40(2):417–28.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Harries A, Lin Y, Satyanarayana S, Lönnroth K, Li L, Wilson N, Chauhan L, Zachariah R, Baker M, Jeon C. The looming epidemic of diabetes-associated tuberculosis: learning lessons from HIV-associated tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2011;15(11):1436–45.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kumar A, Gupta D, Nagaraja SB, Nair SA, Satyanarayana S, Zachariah R, Harries A. Screening of patients with diabetes mellitus for tuberculosis in India. Trop Med Int Health. 2013;18(5):638–45.
Google Scholar
Pizzol D, Di Gennaro F, Chhaganlal KD, Fabrizio C, Monno L, Putoto G, Saracino A. Tuberculosis and diabetes: current state and future perspectives. Trop Med Int Health. 2016;21(6):694–702.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Singla R, Khan N, Al-Sharif N, Al-Sayegh M, Shaikh M, Osman M. Influence of diabetes on manifestations and treatment outcome of pulmonary TB patients. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006;10(1):74–9.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Viswanathan V, Kumpatla S, Aravindalochanan V, Rajan R, Chinnasamy C, Srinivasan R, Selvam JM, Kapur A. Prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes and associated risk factors among tuberculosis patients in India. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(7):e41367.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Zheng C, Hu M, Gao F. Diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis: a global overview with special focus on the situation in Asian countries with high TB-DM burden. Global Health Action. 2017;10(1):1264702.
Article
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sen T, Joshi SR, Udwadia ZF. Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: merging epidemics. J Assoc Physicians India. 2009;57(1):399–404.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Skowroński M, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz D, Barinow-Wojewódzki A. Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus—an underappreciated association. Arch Med Sci AMS. 2014;10(5):1019.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bacakoğlu F, Başoğlu ÖK, Çok G, Sayıner A, Ateş M. Pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. Respiration. 2001;68:595–600.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chang J-T, Dou H-Y, Yen C-L, Wu Y-H, Huang R-M, Lin H-J, Su I-J, Shieh C-C. Effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the clinical severity and treatment outcome in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a potential role in the emergence of multidrug-resistance. J Formos Med Assoc. 2011;110(6):372–81.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gnanasan S: Pharmaceutical care for patients with tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus in Malaysia: a complex intervention. University of Nottingham; 2012.
Jiménez-Corona ME, Cruz-Hervert LP, García-García L, Ferreyra-Reyes L, Delgado-Sánchez G, Bobadilla-del-Valle M, Canizales-Quintero S, Ferreira-Guerrero E, Báez-Saldaña R, Téllez-Vázquez N. Association of diabetes and tuberculosis: impact on treatment and post-treatment outcomes. Thorax. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-201756.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lin Y-H, Chen C-P, Chen P-Y, Huang J-C, Ho C, Weng H-H, Tsai Y-H, Peng Y-S. Screening for pulmonary tuberculosis in type 2 diabetes elderly: a cross-sectional study in a community hospital. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1):3.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Amin S, Khattak MI, Shabbier G, Wazir MN. Frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. Gomal J Med Sci. 2012;9(2):163–9.
Google Scholar
Webb E, Hesseling A, Schaaf H, Gie R, Lombard C, Spitaels A, Delport S, Marais B, Donald K, Hindmarsh P. High prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2009;13(7):868–74.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Ji L-N, Lu J-M, Guo X-H, Yang W-Y, Weng J-P, Jia W-P, Zou D-J, Zhou Z-G, Yu D-M, Liu J. Glycemic control among patients in China with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving oral drugs or injectables. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(1):602.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Kibirige D, Ssekitoleko R, Mutebi E, Worodria W. Overt diabetes mellitus among newly diagnosed Ugandan tuberculosis patients: a cross sectional study. BMC Infect Dis. 2013;13(1):122.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Usmani RA, Nasir MI, Wazir S, Pervaiz Z, Zahra T, Akhtar M. Diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in a tertiary care hospital of Lahore. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2014;26(1):61–3.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Workneh MH, Bjune GA, Yimer SA. Prevalence and associated factors of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus comorbidity: a systematic review. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(4):e0175925.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Dooley KE, Chaisson RE. Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: convergence of two epidemics. Lancet Infect Dis. 2009;9(12):737–46.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Jafta N, Jeena P, Barregard L, Naidoo R. Childhood tuberculosis and exposure to indoor air pollution: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015;19(5):596–602.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Lönnroth K, Castro KG, Chakaya JM, Chauhan LS, Floyd K, Glaziou P, Raviglione MC. Tuberculosis control and elimination 2010–50: cure, care, and social development. Lancet. 2010;375(9728):1814–29.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
World Health Organization. Collaborative framework for care and control of tuberculosis and diabetes. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
Google Scholar
Thompson A, Bohling T, Heires A, Linder J, Rennard S. Lower respiratory tract iron burden is increased in association with cigarette smoking. J Lab Clin Med. 1991;117(6):493–9.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
McGowan SE, Henley SA. Iron and ferritin contents and distribution in human alveolar macrophages. J Lab Clin Med. 1988;111(6):611–7.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Tripathy S, Kar K, Chakraborty D, Majumdar A. Diabetes mellitus and pulmonary tuberculosis. A prospective study. Ind J Tub. 1984;31(3):122–5.
Google Scholar
Swai A, McLarty D, Mugusi F. Tuberculosis in diabetic patients in Tanzania. Trop Doct. 1990;20(4):147–50.
Article
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Feleke Y, Abdulkadir J, Aderaye G. Prevalence and clinical features of tuberculosis in Ethiopian diabetic patients. East Afr Med J. 1999;76(7):361–4.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Qayyum ASM, Farogh A. Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetics. Biomedical. 2004;20:68–73.
Google Scholar
Jabbar A, Hussain S, Khan A. Clinical characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in adult Pakistani patients with co-existing diabetes mellitus. East Mediterr Health J. 2006;12(5):522–7.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Kirui N, Pastakia S, Kamano J, Cheng S, Manuthu E, Chege P, Gardner A, Mwangi A, Enarson D, Reid A. Important co-morbidity in patients with diabetes mellitus in three clinics in Western Kenya. Public Health Action. 2012;2(4):148–51.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Jali MV, Mahishale VK, Hiremath MB. Bidirectional screening of tuberculosis patients for diabetes mellitus and diabetes patients for tuberculosis. Diabetes Metab J. 2013;37(4):291–5.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Kumpatla S, Sekar A, Achanta S, Sharath B, Kumar A, Harries A, Viswanathan V. Characteristics of patients with diabetes screened for tuberculosis in a tertiary care hospital in South India. Public Health Action. 2013;3(1):23–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Prakash B, Ravish K, Prabhakar B, Ranganath T, Naik B, Satyanarayana S, Isaakidis P, Kumar A. Tuberculosis-diabetes mellitus bidirectional screening at a tertiary care centre, South India. Public Health Action. 2013;3(1):18–22.
Article
Google Scholar
Rao MS, Shridhar M, Pavani K. V VE DS: screening of tuberculosis in diabetic patients at a tertiary care hospital in Hyderabad. Indian J Microbiol Res. 2015;2(4):220–6.
Article
Google Scholar