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  1. In Western countries, smoking accounts for a large share of socio-economic inequalities in health. As smoking initiation occurs around the age of 13, it is likely that school context and social networks at sch...

    Authors: Vincent Lorant, Victoria Eugenia Soto, Joana Alves, Bruno Federico, Jaana Kinnunen, Mirte Kuipers, Irene Moor, Julian Perelman, Matthias Richter, Arja Rimpelä, Pierre-Olivier Robert, Gaetano Roscillo and Anton Kunst
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:91
  2. Few studies have comprehensively reported intracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) estimates for outcomes collected in primary care settings. Using data from a large primary care study, we aimed to: a) repor...

    Authors: Jatinderpreet Singh, Clare Liddy, William Hogg and Monica Taljaard
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:89
  3. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by synovitis and the destruction of articular structures in multiple joints. Methotrexate is recommended as an anchor drug for rheumatoid a...

    Authors: Hiromi Shimada, Hiroaki Dobashi, Hisanori Morimoto, Tomohiro Kameda, Kentaro Susaki, Miharu Izumikawa, Yohei Takeuchi, Shusaku Nakashima, Osamu Imataki and Shuji Bandoh
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:88
  4. Psoriasis is no longer viewed as an isolated dermatological ailment and instead is considered a systemic disease. The extension of this spectrum has heightened the known risk of morbidity and mortality due to ...

    Authors: Jevon M Yudhishdran, Rayno Navinan, Sivakumar Jeyalakshmy and Ashoka Ratnatilaka
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:87
  5. Misdirected apoptosis in endothelial cells participates in the development of pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis. Tight regulation of apoptosis is necessary to ensure normal cell function. The rat...

    Authors: Keith Rennier and Julie Y Ji
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:85
  6. Statistical significance is an important concept in empirical science. However the meaning of the term varies widely. We investigate into the intuitive understanding of the notion of significance.

    Authors: Anton Kühberger, Astrid Fritz, Eva Lermer and Thomas Scherndl
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:84
  7. Urochloa humidicola is a warm-season grass commonly used as forage in the tropics and is recognized for its tolerance to seasonal flooding. This grass is an important forage species for the Cer...

    Authors: Jean CS Santos, Mariana A Barreto, Fernanda A Oliveira, Bianca BZ Vigna and Anete P Souza
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:83
  8. Transcription factors are essential proteins for regulating gene expression. This regulation depends upon specific features of the transcription factors, including how they interact with DNA, how they interact...

    Authors: Shahram Bahrami, Rezvan Ehsani and Finn Drabløs
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:82
  9. In the framework of medical university admission procedures the assessment of non-cognitive abilities is increasingly demanded. As tool for assessing personal qualities or the ability to handle theoretical soc...

    Authors: Marion Luschin-Ebengreuth, Hans P Dimai, Daniel Ithaler, Heide M Neges and Gilbert Reibnegger
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:81
  10. Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in the world. Cardiac involvement is a frequent complication of leptospirosis although significant left ventricular dysfunction is rare. We report a case of fatal ...

    Authors: Jagath Pushpakumara, Thushanthy Prasath, Ganaja Samarajiwa, Sugandika Priyadarshani, Nilanka Perera and Jegarajah Indrakumar
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:80
  11. It is a recognized child right to acquire a name and a nationality, and birth registration may be necessary to allow access to services, but the level of birth registration is low in Nigeria. A household surve...

    Authors: Atam E Adi, Tukur Abdu, Amir Khan, Musa Haruna Rashid, Ubi E Ebri, Anne Cockcroft and Neil Andersson
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:79
  12. Dengue fever is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. Haemophilia A is the commonest inherited bleeding disorder. There is little data on the incidence and outcome of dengue in ...

    Authors: Dilushi Wijayaratne, Priyanga Ranasinghe, Shanaka P Mohotti, Shani Apsara Dilrukshi and Prasad Katulanda
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:78
  13. Organisms, tissues and cells are genetically programmed to grow to a specific largely pre-set size and shape within the appropriate developmental timing. In the event of mutation, cell death, or tissue damage,...

    Authors: Jennifer D Slade and Brian E Staveley
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:77
  14. Retroperitoneal lipomas are an extremely rare condition with only 17 cases described in the literature since 1980. They can reach enormous size and cause significant abdominal symptoms. The most important diff...

    Authors: Maximilian Weniger, Jan G D’Haese, Wolfgang Kunz, Sebastian Pratschke, Markus Guba, Jens Werner and Martin K Angele
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:75
  15. During an October 2005 algal bloom (i.e., a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae) off the coast of Nicaragua, 45 people developed symptoms of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and one pe...

    Authors: Luis Callejas, Ana Cristian Melendez Darce, Juan Jose Amador, Laura Conklin, Nicholas Gaffga, Helen Schurz Rogers, Stacey DeGrasse, Sherwood Hall, Marie Earley, Joanne Mei, Carol Rubin, Sylvain Aldighieri, Lorraine C Backer and Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:74
  16. High-speed Video-Microscopy Analysis (HVMA) is now being used to aid diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD). Only a few centers however, are equipped with the available resources and equipment to perfor...

    Authors: Israel Amirav, Huda Mussaffi, Yehudah Roth, Miriam Schmidts, Heymut Omran and Claudius Werner
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:71
  17. Sequence feature annotations (e.g., protein domain boundaries, binding sites, and secondary structure predictions) are an essential part of biological research. Annotations are widely used by scientists during...

    Authors: Daniel Jaschob, Trisha N Davis and Michael Riffle
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:70
  18. The “four core genotypes” (FCG) mouse model has emerged as a major model testing if sex differences in phenotypes are caused by sex chromosome complement (XX vs. XY) or gonadal hormones or both. The model invo...

    Authors: Yuichiro Itoh, Ryan Mackie, Kathy Kampf, Shelly Domadia, Judith D Brown, Rachel O’Neill and Arthur P Arnold
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:69
  19. The spread of Dengue virus infection is reaching pandemic proportions. Dengue is usually dreaded for causing shock due to capillary leakage. However the clinical spectrum of dengue is vast and the newly incorp...

    Authors: Mitrakrishnan Rayno Navinan, Jevon Yudhishdran, Sandamalee Herath, Isurujith Liyanage, Tharshana Kugadas, Damith Kumara and Aruna Kulatunga
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:68
  20. Valsalva retinopathy is a known medical condition which happens after valsalva maneuver. The aim of this study was to report a case of young asian pregnant female presented with acute visual loss due to the va...

    Authors: Fateme Tara, Mohammad Sharifi and Elnaz Hoseini
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:67
  21. It is colloquially considered that cognitive tests can be adversely affected by administration in a foreign location. However, a definitive demonstration of this is lacking in the literature. To determine whet...

    Authors: Cynthia Bechtel, Ruth Remington, Bruce Barton, Constance Barasauskas and Thomas B Shea
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:66
  22. In Lemierre’s syndrome, patients first exhibit pharyngitis and peritonsillar abscessation, followed by the development of anaerobic bacterial (usually Fusobacterium necrophorum) septicemia and metastatic infectio...

    Authors: Yuichi Takano, Kenichiro Fukuda, Hiromi Takayasu, Kazuki Shinmura, Go Koizumi, Masahiro Sasai, Yoshikuni Nagayama, Michiari Kawamo, Tomohiro Yasuda, Kazumasa Watanabe, Jun Sasaki, Munetaka Hayashi, Eiichi Yamamura, Naotaka Maruoka, Masatsugu Nagahama and Hiroshi Takahashi
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:65
  23. Cases of Salmonella Typhi meningitis have been rarely reported in infants. There are few documented cases of persistent salmonella bacteraemia in patients with schistosomiasis. A presented case highlights the imp...

    Authors: Flora Chacha, Stephen E Mshana, Mariam M Mirambo, Martha F Mushi, Rogatus Kabymera, Lisa Gerwing, Wilhelm Schneiderhan, Ortrud Zimmermann and Uwe Groß
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:64
  24. The impact of cancer upon children, teenagers and young people can be profound. Research has been undertaken to explore the impacts upon children, teenagers and young people with cancer, but little is known ab...

    Authors: Sarah M Flanagan, Sheila Greenfield, Jane Coad and Susan Neilson
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:61
  25. Breakage of surgical instruments is a rare complication. A mistake in operator technique or sub-standard/aged tools could lead to this type of accident. A tooth elevator is an instrument used in minor oral sur...

    Authors: Jaume Miranda-Rius, Lluís Brunet-Llobet, Eduard Lahor-Soler, Ombeni Mrina and Albert Ramírez-Rámiz
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:60
  26. The key to understanding changes in gene expression levels using reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) relies on the ability to rationalize the technique using intern...

    Authors: Huaisheng Xu, Massimo Bionaz, Deborah M Sloboda, Loreen Ehrlich, Shaofu Li, John P Newnham, Joachim W Dudenhausen, Wolfgang Henrich, Andreas Plagemann, John RG Challis and Thorsten Braun
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:58
  27. Correlations among Chiari type II malformation (CMII) morphological findings, the proportion of fetal heart rate patterns corresponding to the quiet phase (QP), and neurological outcomes have yet to be investi...

    Authors: Yuka Otera, Seiichi Morokuma, Kotaro Fukushima, Ai Anami, Yasuo Yumoto, Yushi Ito, Masayuki Ochiai, Kimiaki Hashiguchi, Norio Wake, Haruhiko Sago and Kiyoko Kato
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:57
  28. Whipple’s disease is a systemic infection that sometimes is associated with cardiac manifestations. The diagnosis of Tropheryma whipplei endocarditis is still the result of chance because there are no diagnostic ...

    Authors: Sarah-Lyne Jos, Emmanouil Angelakis, Thierry Caus and Didier Raoult
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:56
  29. Effective utilization of computers and their applications in medical education and research is of paramount importance to students. The objective of this study was to determine the association between owning a...

    Authors: Ian G Munabi, William Buwembo, Francis Bajunirwe, David Lagoro Kitara, Ruberwa Joseph, Kawungezi Peter, Celestino Obua, John Quinn and Erisa S Mwaka
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:54
  30. Primary care initiatives face an imperative to not only reduce barriers to care for their patients but also to uniquely accommodate the complex needs of at-risk patient populations. Patient-centered multidisci...

    Authors: Marta Shaw, Candace Rypien, Neil Drummond, Patricia Harasym and Lara Nixon
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:53
  31. There is currently no gold standard technique for quantifying infarct size (IS) and ischaemic area-at-risk (AAR [oedema]) on late gadolinium enhancement imaging (LGE) and T2-weighted short tau inversion recove...

    Authors: Jamal N Khan, Sheraz A Nazir, Mark A Horsfield, Anvesha Singh, Prathap Kanagala, John P Greenwood, Anthony H Gershlick and Gerry P McCann
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:52
  32. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, the causative agent of typhoid, is endemic in most parts of the world especially in Africa. Reliable and rapid diagnosis of the bacterium is therefore critica...

    Authors: Andrew Tarupiwa, Simba Tapera, Sekesai Mtapuri-Zinyowera, Peter Gumbo, Vurayai Ruhanya, Muchaneta Gudza-Mugabe, Ngoni Xmas Majuru and Nyasha Chin’ombe
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:50
  33. High carbohydrate feeding is known to increase plasma triglycerides as well as hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) and may be implicated in the development of hepatic insulin resistance and fatty liver. Unfortunate...

    Authors: Scott V Harding, Kevin P Bateman, Brian P Kennedy, Todd C Rideout and Peter JH Jones
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:49
  34. The purpose of this study is to examine the information behavior of diabetic patients, a relatively unexplored field of diabetes care, including their needs for information, resources used, obstacles encounter...

    Authors: Sofia Kalantzi, Petros Kostagiolas, Georgios Kechagias, Dimitrios Niakas and Konstantinos Makrilakis
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:48
  35. The tetrazolium-based MTT assay has long been regarded as the gold standard of cytotoxicity assays as it is highly sensitive and has been miniaturised for use as a high-throughput screening assay. However, var...

    Authors: Alet van Tonder, Annie M Joubert and A Duncan Cromarty
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:47
  36. RBM10 is an RNA binding protein involved in the regulation of transcription, alternative splicing and message stabilization. Mutations in RBM10, which maps to the X chromosome, are associated with TARP syndrome, ...

    Authors: Sarah J Tessier, Julie J Loiselle, Anne McBain, Celine Pullen, Benjamin W Koenderink, Justin G Roy and Leslie C Sutherland
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:46
  37. Although leaf herbivory-induced changes in allocation of recently assimilated carbon between the shoot and below-ground tissues have been described in several species, it is still unclear which part of the roo...

    Authors: Stefan Meldau, Melkamu G Woldemariam, Amol Fatangare, Ales Svatos and Ivan Galis
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:45
  38. A photoactive hydrophobic agent 1,5-iodonaphthyl-azide (INA), has been previously shown to completely inactivate the enveloped viruses. INA sequesters into the lipid bilayer of the virus envelope and upon UV-i...

    Authors: Paridhi Gupta, Anuj Sharma, Viard Mathias, Yossef Raviv, Robert Blumenthal and Radha K Maheshwari
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:44
  39. The incidence of breast cancer is on the rise in many parts of Africa. In Cameroon, there were an estimated 2625 cases per 100,000 in 2012. The awareness of breast cancer preventive methods is therefore critic...

    Authors: Fon Peter Nde, Jules Clement Nguedia Assob, Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti, Anna Longdoh Njunda and Taddi Raissa Guidona Tainenbe
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:43
  40. Few longitudinal studies of disaster cohorts have assessed both non-response bias in prevalence estimates of health outcomes and in the estimates of associations between health outcomes and disaster exposures....

    Authors: Shengchao Yu, Robert M Brackbill, Steven D Stellman, Sharon Ghuman and Mark R Farfel
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:42
  41. Cholangiocarcinomas are rare tumors, and metastasis to the intramedullary spinal cord is also rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of simultaneous cholangiocarcinoma and intramedullary sp...

    Authors: Laurence Faugeras, Gaetan Cantineau, Jean-Francois Daisne, Thierry Gustin and Lionel D’hondt
    Citation: BMC Research Notes 2015 8:41

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